《2025年通成学典课时作业本高中英语选择性必修第一册人教版》

五、阅读理解
(2024·山东省烟台市期末统考)The 20th century saw the world readapt itself to the introduction of the car. Streets were widened and shops needed mass parking. The modern city is built for cars. But what if it didn't have to be like that? Dr Robert Martin, head of Mobility at JAJA Architects, believes we have to go back to the design of cities. JAJA has worked on several plans to remove cars from cities and redesign city spaces.
Martin advocates the idea of the “15-minute city”. It’s about creating several centres within a city. Removing the primacy ( 首位) of the downtown centre, people go to their own local centre which has all their regular facilities.
Though Copenhagen is known for its lack of cars and bike-friendly infrastructure( 基础设施), Martin notes that the honour is a somewhat unearned one. “Over the last 20 years, Copenhagen has seen an increasing amount of car ownership in the city centre.”
Still, the ideal of Copenhagen is the change JAJA wants to see in more cities. “Put them on a ‘mobility diet’,” Martin advises, “and reprioritize lanes( 重新确定车道优先顺序) for cars and for people to walk and cycle in.”
He points out that it’s about reducing cars, not getting rid of them completely. The need to travel privately around countries and the transport of goods into cities can’t be wished away by the desire for a better city. So, Martin suggests that cars can be shared. Zipcar is a popular car-sharing app in London. Then there’s the way goods are brought into cities.
“Trucks can travel into city centres at night to avoid traffic, and for smaller packages, London is one of the leaders in terms of bike delivery,” he says.
What does the future look like? It might be interesting to question how our cities will continually change.
1. Which is a “15-minute city”?
A. A city with wide streets.
B. A city with enough parking.
C. A city with a downtown centre.
D. A city with easily accessible centres.
2. Why does Martin think Copenhagen has an unearned honour?
A. It doesn’t have enough infrastructure.
B. It has an increasing number of cars.
C. It has a quiet city centre.
D. It is not car-friendly.
3. What suggestion does Martin put forward for reducing car numbers?
A. Night-time private car use.
B. Widespread bike-sharing service.
C. Green small package delivery.
D. Continuous improvement of Zipcar.
4. What’s the structure of the text?( P = Para. )

答案： [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了未来城市的发展方向。
1. D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It’s about creating several centres ... has all their regular facilities.”可知，Martin规划的“15分钟城市”应该有多个人们易于到达的中心。
2. B 细节理解题。第三段开头提到哥本哈根以车少、自行车基础设施完善而闻名，而下文中的“Over the last 20 years ... in the city centre.”提到哥本哈根的汽车数量在不断增长，因此它的这份荣誉名不副实。
3. C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“... for smaller packages, London is one of the leaders in terms of bike delivery ...”可知，Martin建议用绿色无污染的自行车来投递小型包裹，从而减少汽车数量。
4. C 篇章结构题。文章第一段提到汽车带来的很多影响，然后引出文章的主题：减少汽车数量和重新设计城市空间；第二、三、四段介绍了具体的办法；最后一段展望未来城市的发展。