《2025年通成学典课时作业本高中英语选择性必修第一册人教版》

一、单句填空:在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式(10小题,共10分)
1. As an ambassador, you need to be committed(commit), patient and sensitive.
2. Whether you can do the scientific(science) research work well depends on how hard you work.
3. When the wheels got stuck(stick) in the mud, the driver jumped into the swamp to push the car.
4. Apparently(apparent), blindly following others' advice will affect our own judgement.
5. Evaluation(evaluate) of this new treatment cannot take place until all the data has been collected.
6. The politician devoted his life to promoting world peace, so he was awarded(award) the Nobel Peace Prize.
7. Liquid obtained(obtain) from the bark(树皮) of this tree can be used to treat several kinds of diseases.
8. In 1999, Jack founded(found) this company with a group of friends in a shared apartment, struggling for years to get it off the ground.
9. To be honest, his theories(theory) are a little remote from reality.
10. After analyzing the documents, Dr. Prinstein came to another conclusion(conclude).

答案： 一、1. committed 2. scientific 3. stuck 4. Apparently 5. Evaluation 6. was awarded 7. obtained 8. founded 9. theories 10. conclusion

二、熟词生义:写出画线词在句子中的汉语意思(5小题,共5分)
1. Sometimes anger can boil over into direct and violent actions.
恶化
2. He is also acknowledged as an excellent novelist.
认可
3. Mary turned the handle and opened the door.
把手
4. Tu Youyou discovered a novel method of extracting the useful substance.
新颖的
5. What should we do to achieve the main objective of education?
目标

答案： 二、1. 恶化 2. 认可 3. 把手 4. 新颖的 5. 目标

三、选词填空:选用方框中的短语并用其适当形式填空(有两个多余)(5小题,共5分)
due to as a consequence come to power take up sum up put forward pass away
1. The professor missed the bus this morning and as a consequence he was late for the meeting.
2. After the President passed away, many people gathered to mourn for the great loss of an excellent leader.
3. The teacher asked us to sum up the main idea of the text in two sentences.
4. Unluckily, due to unforeseen circumstances, our sports meet has been cancelled.
5. He took up his post as the head of the court at the end of last month.

答案： 三、1. as a consequence 2. passed away 3. sum up 4. due to 5. took up

四、单句写作:根据括号中所给汉语提示完成句子(5小题,共10分)
1. Under the circumstances(在这种情况下), it seemed better not to tell him about the accident.
2. The country's economy has developed during the years after the President came to power(上台).
3. I drew/came to/arrived at a conclusion(得出一个结论) from my experience: No pains, no gains.
4. He donated a large sum of money to Project Hope, which won him our respect(这为他赢得了我们的尊敬).
5. On/Upon arriving home(一回到家), she found her father had bought her a new bike.

答案： 四、1. Under the circumstances 2. came to power 3. drew/came to/arrived at a conclusion 4. which won him our respect 5. On/Upon arriving home

五、阅读理解(4小题,共20分)
(2025·湖北省武汉市问津教育联合体联考)Jan Ernst Matzeliger was born on September 15, 1852. Matzeliger's father was a Dutch engineer. Showing a mechanical gift at a young age, Matzeliger began working in machine shops managed by his father at 10. At 19, he left Suriname to see the world as a sailor on an East Indian merchant ship.
After settling in Philadelphia in 1873, Matzeliger struggled to make a living there. In 1877, he moved to Lynn, Massachusetts, to seek work in the town's rapidly growing shoe industry. He found a position in a shoe factory. Matzeliger learned the trade, including making shoes almost wholly by hand.
Shoemakers made molds(模具) of customers' feet with wood or stone. The shoes were then sized and shaped according to the molds. The process of shaping and attaching the body of the shoe to its sole(底) was done entirely by hand. This was considered the most difficult and time-consuming.
Matzeliger set out to find a solution to the problems he found in the shoe - making process. He thought there had to be a way to develop a good method for lasting shoes. He began coming up with designs for machines that could do the job. After experimenting with several models, he applied for a patent on a “lasting machine(鞋楦机)”. The machine held a shoe on a shoe tree, pulled the leather down around the heel, set and drove in the nails, and then produced the completed shoe. It could produce 700 pairs of shoes a day—more than 10 times the number produced by human hands.
Matzeliger's shoe lasting machine was an immediate success. In 1889, the Consolidated Lasting Machine Company was formed to make the devices, with Matzeliger receiving a large number of stocks in the organization.
Matzeliger's shoe lasting machine increased shoe production greatly. The result was the employment of more unskilled workers and the increase of low - cost, high - quality shoes for people around the world.
(C) 1. What can we know about Matzeliger's childhood?
A. He did well in his study.
B. He desired to be an engineer.
C. He had mechanical talent.
D. He lived in a poor family.
(A) 2. Why did Matzeliger go to Lynn?
A. He wanted to find a job.
B. He intended to buy shoes.
C. He was appointed to manage a factory.
D. He was interested in trade.
(B) 3. What is the author's attitude toward Matzeliger's invention?
A. Unclear.
B. Approving.
C. Doubtful.
D. Tolerant.
(D) 4. What is the text mainly about?
A. Matzeliger's shoe lasting machine.
B. Matzeliger's unusual growth experience.
C. Matzeliger's surprising talent for making shoes.
D. Matzeliger's contribution to the shoe - making industry.

答案： [语篇解读] 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了 Matzeliger 的人生经历，他发明了鞋楦机并申请了专利，为制鞋业做出了巨大贡献。
1. C 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Showing a mechanical gift... at 10.”可知答案。
2. A 细节理解题。根据第二段中“In 1877... growing shoe industry.”可知答案。
3. B 推理判断题。根据文章内容，尤其是最后一段可知，作者对 Matzeliger 发明的鞋楦机持认可的态度。
4. D 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段可知，本文主要讲述了 Matzeliger 发明了鞋楦机，为制鞋业做出了巨大贡献的故事。