《2026年教材完全解读高中英语选择性必修第三册人教版》

C
（2025·海南海口调研）
Millions of migratory（迁徙的）birds
occupy seasonally favourable breeding grounds in
the Arlie, but scientists know little about the
formation, maintenance and future of the
migration routes of Arctic birds and the genetic
determinants of migratory distance. In a new
study, a multinational team of researchers under
the leadership of Dr. ZHAN Xiangjiang from the
Institute of Zoology of the Chinese Academy of
Sciences integrated two state-of-the-art
techniques—satellite tracking and whole genome
sequencing（基因组测序）—and established a
continental-scale migration system of peregrine
falcons（游隼）in Eurasian Arctic.
The researchers tracked 56 peregrine falcons
from six Eurasian Arctic breeding populations and
sequenced 35 genomes from four of these
populations to study the migration of this species.
They found that the birds used five migration
routes across Eurasia, probably established
between the last Ice Age 22,000 years ago and
the middle-Holocene 6,000 years ago. "Peregrine
falcons initiated their autumn migration mainly in
September, and arrived at their wintering areas
mainly in October," said Professor Mike Bruford,
an ecologist at Cardiff University. "Peregrine
falcons that depart from different breeding grounds
use different routes, and winter at widely
distributed sites across four distinct regions.
Individual birds that were tracked for more than
one year exhibited strong path repeatability during
migration, complete loyalty to wintering locations
and limited breeding dispersal（扩散）."
The researchers quantified the migration
strategies and found that migration distance is the
most significant differentiation. They used whole
genome sequencing and found a gene—ADCY8,
which is known to be involved in long-term
memory in other animals in previous research—
associated with differences in migratory distance.
They found ADCY8 had a variant（变体）at high
frequency in long-distance migrant populations of
peregrine falcons, indicating this variant is being
favourably selected because it may increase
powers of long-term memory thought to be
essential for long-distance migration.
"Previous studies have identified several
candidate genomic regions that may regulate
migration—but our work is the strongest
demonstration of a specific gene associated with
migratory behaviour yet identified," Professor
Bruford said. The researchers further looked at
models of likely future migration behaviour to
predict the impact of global warming. If the
climate warms at the same rate as it has in recent
decades, they predict peregrine populations in
western Eurasia have the highest probability of
population decline and may stop migrating
altogether.
"Our work is the first to begin to understand
the way ecological factors may interact in
migratory birds," said Dr. ZHAN Xiangjiang.
"We hope it will serve as a cornerstone to help
conserve migratory species in the world."
8. What can we learn from the first two
paragraphs?
A. Five birds' migration routes were built
22, 000 years ago.
B. Peregrine falcons stick to the areas where
they winter.
C. Peregrine falcons leave for Arctic regions in
September.
D. Two novel research methods of migration
were invented.
9. What can we infer about ADCY8?
A. It is a newly-discovered gene in the new
study.
B. It serves as a fundamental part of long-
distance migration.
C. It could be strengthened by the power of
long-term memory.
D. It turned out to be more favoured by birds
than the other animals.
10. What is special about the new study?
A. It has discovered a new genomic region of
birds.
B. It has predicted the rate at which the
climate warms.
C. It analyses the reasons for the decrease of
peregrine falcons.
D. It encourages attention to environmental
effects on migratory birds.
11. Which would be the best title for this
passage?
A. Researchers Help Conserve Migratory
Species
B. Biologists Find Evidence of Migration
Gene in Birds
C. How Long-term Memory Helps Long-
distance Migration
D. How Ecological Factors Affect Birds'
Migratory Distances

答案： 8.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Individual birds that were tracked for more than one year exhibited strong path repeatability during migration，complete loyalty to wintering locations and limited breeding dispersal.”可知，它们对自己的越冬地点非常专一。故选B。
9.B【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“They found ADCY8 had a variant at high frequency in long-distance migrant populations of peregrine falcons，indicating this variant is being favourably selected because it may increase powers of long-term memory thought to be essential for long-distance migration.”可推断，ADCY8是长途迁徙中必不可少的要素。故选B。
10.D【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推断，该研究的特别之处是了解了生态因素对候鸟的影响，希望更多的人关注这一点。故选D。
11.B【解析】标题判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Previous studies have identified several candidate genomic regions that may regulate migration—but our work is the strongest demonstration of a specific gene associated with migratory behaviour yet identified”及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了研究发现证实了鸟类身上存在的迁徙基因。所以B项（生物学家在鸟类身上发现迁徙基因的证据）最适合作文章标题。故选B。