《2025年同步练习册山东人民出版社高中英语必修第二册外研版》

D
Over the last half century, obesity (肥胖症) rates have skyrocketed. In 1962, 46 percent of adults in the US were considered overweight. By 2010, that figure had jumped to 75 percent.
Obesity is a complex problem with many causes. But among the likely suspects, sugar is high on the list. A variety of research has drawn a link (联系) between sugar consumption (消耗) and overweight. As sugar consumption has increased, so has our waistline.
"I don't think we have enough evidence yet to suggest that sugar is the reason for obesity," says Johns Hopkins, a cardiologist. "But there is enough evidence to say that too much sugar consumption is an important contributor to weight gain."
All those sweet snacks seem to be affecting the heart as well. In a study published in JAMA: Internal Medicine in 2014, researchers compared people who consumed a lot of added sugar accounting for 17 to 21 percent of their total daily calories with people who ate less sugar—just 8 percent of their total calories. Those in the high-sugar group had a 38 percent greater risk of dying from heart disease.
Excess weight increases the risk of many diseases like high blood pressure, high cholesterol and Type 2 diabetes. Research by the team of Ndumele has shown that those factors usually explain the link between obesity and heart disease. "All of those factors make it more likely that someone will develop heart disease," says Ndumele.
In other words, there are many reasons to aim for a healthy weight. And cutting back on sugar is a good place to start.
32. What does the underlined word "skyrocketed" in Paragraph 1 mean?
A. Risen quickly. B. Dropped rapidly.
C. Led to many diseases. D. Caught much attention.
33. What's Johns Hopkins' attitude towards too much sugar consumption?
A. Unsure. B. Negative.
C. Unconcerned. D. Supportive.
34. What does the study in JAMA want to show?
A. Obesity can cause heart disease.
B. Sugar contributes to weight gain.
C. Heart disease is linked to sugar intake.
D. Overweight increases high blood pressure.
35. What is the best title for the text?
A. Obesity—The Heart Killer
B. Less Sugar—A Good Start for Health
C. What to Do with Disease
D. How to Take Care of Your Sweet Teeth

答案： 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了肥胖率上升的现象，探讨了糖摄入与肥胖之间的可能联系，以及肥胖和过多糖摄入对健康的影响。
32.A 词义猜测题。根据下文“In 1962，46 percent of adults in the US were considered overweight. By 2010， that figure had jumped to 75 percent.”可知，在过去的半个世纪里，肥胖率从46%到75%，是直线上升的，由此可推知，skyrocketed为“急剧上升”之意，和 A 项意思相近。故选A。
33.B 推理判断题。根据第三段的内容可知，Johns Hopkins 认为虽然没有足够的证据表明糖是肥胖的原因，但是有足够的证据表明，摄入过多的糖是导致体重增加的重要因素，所以他对糖摄入过多的态度是否定的。故选B。
34.C 推理判断题。根据第四段的内容可知，《美国医学会内科医学期刊》上的这项研究想要说明心脏病与糖的摄入有关。故选C。
35.B 标题归纳题。根据第二段以及最后一段的内容，并纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述了糖摄入与肥胖之间的可能联系，以及肥胖和过多糖摄入对健康的影响，所以 B项“Less Sugar—A Good Start for Health（少吃糖——健康的良好开端)”是本文最好的标题。故选B。