《2025年金版教程高中新课程创新导学案高中英语选择性必修第三册人教版》

CLIMATE CHANGE REQUIRES THE WORLD'S ATTENTION
We have known about climate change for decades. There is little doubt that① Earth is getting warmer and warmer (see the graph). A warming ocean and atmosphere along with② melting ice and rising sea levels provide evidence of a dramatic change in the global climate.
①引导同位语从句，解释说明名词doubt的具体内容
②连接两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词的数遵循“就远原则”
我们了解气候变化已有数十年之久了。毫无疑问，地球正变得越来越温暖(如图)。海洋和大气变暖，以及冰层融化、海平面上升，都为全球气候急剧变化提供了依据。

In 2013, a lot of people were shocked by a news photo of a dead polar bear that③ was found on Norway's Arctic island of Svalbard. According to the scientists who④ found its dead body, all that⑤ remained of the polar bear was "skin and bones". An expert who⑥ has studied polar bears for many years said that⑦ from the position of its dead body, the bear appeared to have starved and died⑧. Experts claimed that⑨ low sea-ice levels caused by climate change⑩ meant the bear could not hunt seals as before, so⑪ it had to travel greater distances in order to find food. This alarming case showed how⑫ the increase in temperature had an impact on Earth's ecology.
③引导定语从句，修饰先行词bear
④引导定语从句，修饰先行词
⑤引导定语从句，修饰先行词all
⑥引导定语从句，修饰先行词An expert
⑦引导宾语从句
⑧动词不定式短语作表语
⑨引导宾语从句
⑩过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰low sea-ice levels
⑪引导结果状语从句
⑫引导宾语从句
2013年，在挪威的北极圈斯瓦尔巴群岛的一个岛上，(人们)发现了一只死亡的北极熊，这张新闻图片令许多人感到震惊。据发现北极熊尸体的科学家说，这只北极熊仅剩“皮包骨”。一位长期研究北极熊的专家说，从尸体的姿势看，这只北极熊像是饿死的。专家称，气候变化导致的海冰面降低意味着北极熊无法像以前那样捕食海豹，于是它只能长途跋涉去寻找食物。这一令人惊恐的案例反映了气温上升对地球生态造成的影响。
Then what is causing the increase in the global average surface temperature? Climate scientists often mention a key climate process called the "greenhouse effect"⑬, which⑭ has two common meanings: the "natural" greenhouse effect and the "man-made" greenhouse effect. The "natural" greenhouse effect refers to⑮ the fact that⑯ heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and⑰ warms Earth's surface as short-wave radiation. The heat is released back into space at longer wave lengths. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, such as methane and carbon dioxide⑱, trap some of the heat, keeping Earth's climate warm and habitable⑲. Without this process, Earth could not sustain life. However, the "man-made" greenhouse effect has now become a big problem. When people produce huge amounts of extra greenhouse gases by burning fossil fuels, more heat energy is trapped in the atmosphere and⑳ causes Earth's surface temperature to rise quickly.
⑬过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词process
⑭引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词
⑮refer to 意为“指的是，涉及，与……相关”，其中to为介词
⑯引导同位语从句，补充说明the fact的具体内容
⑰连接两个并列谓语动词enters和warms
⑱作 Greenhouse gases 的同位语
⑲现在分词短语作结果状语
⑳连接两个并列谓语动词is trapped和causes
那么，到底是什么导致全球平均地表温度上升呢？气候科学家常常会提到一个关键的气候过程——“温室效应”；它有两个常见的含义:“天然”温室效应和“人造”温室效应。“天然”温室效应指的是来自太阳的热量以短波辐射的形式进入大气层，使地表变暖。这一热量以更大的波长被释放回大气层。大气层中甲烷、二氧化碳等温室气体困住了部分热量，从而使地球保持气候温暖、适宜居住。如果没有这一过程，地球就无法维系生命。然而，“人造”温室效应现在却成为一个大问题。当人类由于燃烧化石燃料产生了大量额外的温室气体，更多的热能被困在大气层中，导致地表温度迅速上升。
There is strong and comprehensive evidence that㉑ the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide, not only causing serious damage, but also㉒ costing human lives. Climate scientists have warned that㉓ if㉔ we do not take appropriate actions, this warming trend will probably continue and there will be a higher price to pay. In fact, news reports are frequently broadcast about extreme rainstorms and㉘ heatwaves causing deaths and economic losses㉖.
㉑引导同位语从句，补充说明名词evidence的具体内容
㉒not only ... but also ... 连接两个现在分词短语causing serious damage和costing human lives作
㉓引导宾语从句
㉔引导条件状语从句
㉕连接两个名词rainstorms和heatwaves作介词about的宾语
㉖现在分词短语作后置定语
确凿、全面的证据表明，温度上升导致全球极

端

天气和自然灾害增多，不仅造成严重破坏，而且使人丧命。气候学家已发出警告：如果我们不采取适当的行动，这种变暖的趋势可能会持续下去，而我们将为此付出更大的代价。事实上，有关极端暴风雨和热浪造成死亡和经济损失的新闻报道已屡见不鲜。
Continued greenhouse gas emissions will result in further warming and long-lasting changes to the global climate. This requires the attention of people all over the world. Governments need to consider making policies and㉗ taking appropriate actions and measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. We as individuals can also reduce our "carbon footprint" by restricting the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce. It㉘ is our responsibility to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming, along with its causes and impacts, because㉙ this is the most serious issue affecting all of us on this planet㉚. So what will you do to help?
㉗连接两个动名词短语making policies和taking appropriate actions and measures作consider的宾语
㉘It作形式主语，不定式短语to seize every ... 是真正的主语
㉙引导原因状语从句
㉚现在分词短语作后置定语
温室气体的持续排放将导致全球气候进一步变暖，并带来持久的变化。这需要全世界人的关注。各国政府需考虑制定政策并采取适当的行动和措施以减少温室气体的排放。作为个人，我们可以通过限制生活方式产生的二氧化碳量来减少我们的“碳足迹”。我们有责任抓住每一个机会，教育每个人了解全球变暖，包括其成因和影响，因为这是影响这个星球上我们所有人的最严重的问题。那么，你会做些什么来贡献力量呢？
阅读领悟
(一) 填空并连线
Part 1: A. The consequences (结果) of the ①rise in temperature
Part 2: (Para. 1-2)
Part 2: B. The causes (原因) of ②the increase in the global average surface temperature
Part 3: (Para. 3)
Part 3: C. The solutions (解决方法) ③to reducing greenhouse gas emissions
Part 4: (Para. 4)
Part 4: D. The evidence (证据) of ④dramatic climate change that had an impact on Earth's ecology
Part 5: (Para. 5)
(二) 完成气候变化的思维导图

(三) 问题链
1. What do you think may have caused the global temperature rise?
2. What evidence of climate change can you find?
3. How can individuals reduce their “carbon footprint”?

答案： 1同位语 2就远原则 3定语 4the scientists 6定语 7宾语 8表语 9宾语 10后置定语 11结果状语 12宾语 13后置定语 14非限制性定语 greenhouse effect 16同位语 17enters warms 18同位语 19结果状语 20is trapped causes 21同位语 22causing serious damage costing human lives 结果状语 23宾语 24条件状语 25rainstorms heatwaves 26后置定语 27making policies taking appropriate actions and measures 28形式主语 真正的主语 29原因状语 30后置定语
(一)填空并连线
Part 1—D Part 2—B Part 3—A Part 4—C
1rise in temperature 2the increase 3to reducing greenhouse gas emissions 4dramatic climate change
(二)完成气候变化的思维导图
1natural 2man-made 3extreme weather 4natural disasters
(三)问题链
1.The greenhouse effect.
2.A warming ocean and atmosphere along with melting ice and rising sea levels.
3.Take public transport/buy recycled products/recycle bottles/ paper/plastic bags ...