《2025年全品学练考高中英语必修第一册外研版》

Ⅳ 阅读理解（每小题 2.5 分，满分 20 分）
A [2025·江苏无锡市运河实验中学高一期中]
I remember the day when I first learned to ride a bike. It was a frightening, but fun experience. My grandfather was the one who taught me and he helped me when I got hurt. The first time I got on a bike, I had no idea what I was doing, and just about everything went wrong. My grandfather told me to just put my feet on the pedals（踏板）and start cycling. He also told me he would hold onto the back of the bike the whole time, yet he didn't.
As soon as I started trying to balance myself, he let the bike go. I happened to look back just then. I was scared to death that I was going to fall and hurt myself. When I was scared, my mind went blank from cycling, and I just wanted off. I forgot how to use the brakes（刹车）and fell right off the bike. My grandfather kept encouraging me to get up and try again, and after about 15 minutes, I finally stopped crying, got up and tried again.
As soon as I started riding again, my pants got caught in the chain, and I fell flat on my face and hit my nose. My grandfather decided to call it a day and let me try again the next morning. The next morning I woke up bright and early, and was very eager to try to ride my bike. My nose felt better, so I wasn't that afraid of falling anymore.
Despite the fact that I knew there was a range of difficulties on the way to mastering the skills in riding a bike, I believed I could do well with my grandfather's help. After all, riding a bike was indeed what I wanted to do eagerly.
（D）1. How was the author when he was on the bike first?
A. He didn't know where he would be going.
B. He thought balancing himself was easy.
C. He put his feet on the pedals and started cycling.
D. He was nervous and didn't know what to do next.
（C）2. What does the underlined part “call it a day” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Remember what happened this day.
B. Make the author feel happy.
C. Stop practising bicycling.
D. Go on to ride a bike.
（A）3. What is the author's attitude towards his grandfather?
A. Thankful.
B. Doubtful.
C. Indifferent.
D. Negative.
（B）4. Which of the following could be the best title for the passage?
A. The first time I got my own bike
B. The experience of my first riding a bike
C. The difficulty I met with my grandfather
D. The happy moment when I stayed with my grandfather

答案： 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者在祖父的帮助下，第一次学习骑自行车的经历。
1．D 细节理解题。根据第一段“The first time I got on a bike，I had no idea what I was doing，and just about everything went wrong.”可知，作者第一次骑自行车时感到紧张，不知道该做什么，故选D。
2．C 词义猜测题。根据画线短语上文“As soon as I started riding again，my pants got caught in the chain，and I fell flat on my face and hit my nose.”和后文try again the next morning可推知，作者摔倒后，祖父让他停止练习骑自行车，C项符合题意。故选C。
3．A 推理判断题。根据全文内容以及最后一段“Despite the fact that I knew there was a range of difficulties on the way to mastering the skills in riding a bike，I believed I could do well with my grandfather’s help.”可推知，祖父不断地鼓励作者，作者摔倒后及时叫停练习，由此推知，作者对他祖父的态度是感激的。故选A。
4．B 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段“I remember the day when I first learned to ride a bike. It was a frightening，but fun experience.”可知，文章讲述了作者第一次学习骑自行车的经历。故选B。

B [2025·浙江杭州学军中学高一期中]
Researchers set up an experiment in which 5 - year - olds were tested with their fellows under different circumstances of transparency（透明）and different audiences. They set up a sticker machine that in some settings was transparent, and other settings in which only the giver of stickers knew how many stickers he could give. They had children give out stickers in both settings. The results were striking: children were consistently generous only when the receiver and audience of the stickers were fully aware of the donation options. Children were notably ungenerous when the receiver of stickers couldn't see the options.
The researchers said, “Children only showed consistently pro - social behaviour in our study in the condition when they could see the receiver and their allocations（分配物）were fully visible; in all other conditions, children were statistically ungenerous, giving the receiver the smaller quantity of stickers.”
They made the conclusions that at a very early age, children are learning how to position themselves socially. Well before they apprehend the sociology of their networks and what social reputation really means, they think strategically about giving as a function of how they can gain a reputation with a peer as a generous citizen or pro - social agent when the receiver observes them.
Children change their behaviour in response to having an audience. Help children give things to others in full view, delivering meals to families, and in private, dropping off treats or surprises for those who need support without signing their names. Also, children should be reminded that thank - you notes are lovely but unnecessary to receive. When we give gifts or lend help to others, try to help children remember why—to provide something for another. It really doesn't have to be recognized. When a thank - you card doesn't come, it doesn't make a gift any less valuable or meaningful for those who were lucky enough to receive it.
（ C）5. What did the researchers discover?
A. The givers' behaviour greatly inspired the receivers to help in return.
B. The children gave out an equal number of stickers in both settings.
C. The presence of an audience affected children's decisions to give.
D. Donating helped children to become more generous in the future.
（ B）6. Which is pro - social behaviour according to the researchers?
A. Observing the givers.
B. Donating more stickers.
C. Gaining a reputation.
D. Receiving more allocations.
（ D）7. What does the underlined word “apprehend” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Share.
B. Predict.
C. Confirm.
D. Understand.
（ D）8. What is the purpose of the last paragraph?
A. To suggest recognizing others' kindness.
B. To acknowledge the giver's contribution.
C. To confirm the benefits of being grateful.
D. To advise inspiring generosity in children.

答案： 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，当信息透明且被别人关注时，孩子会更慷慨。本文根据这一研究结果就如何从小培养慷慨提供了建议。
5．C 细节理解题。根据第一段“The results were striking：children were consistently generous only when the receiver and audience of the stickers were fully aware of the donation options. Children were notably ungenerous when the receiver of stickers couldn’t see the options.”可知，研究人员发现观众的存在影响了孩子们的决定。故选C。
6．B 推理判断题。根据第二段“The researchers said，‘Children only showed consistently pro-social behaviour in our study in the condition when they could see the receiver and their allocations（分配物）were fully visible；in all other conditions，children were statistically ungenerous，giving the receiver the smaller quantity of stickers.’”可知，给予更多贴纸，即慷慨，是亲社会行为。故选B。
7．D 词义猜测题。根据第三段“They made the conclusions that at a very early age，children are learning how to position themselves socially.”、画线词前“Well before...”以及其后“...the sociology of their networks and what social reputation really means...”可知，孩子们在理解社会学以及社会声誉的真正含义之前就在学习如何在社会上定位自己。故apprehend意为“理解”。share 分享；predict 预测；confirm 证实；understand 理解。故选D。
8．D 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Help children give things to others in full view，delivering meals to families，and in private，dropping off treats or surprises for those who need support without signing their names. Also，children should be reminded that thank-you notes are lovely but unnecessary to receive...”可知，最后一段旨在就从小培养慷慨提供建议。故选D。