《2025年情景导学高中英语必修第一册外研版》

Ⅲ. 用所给短语的适当形式填空
speak of, look out of, wind up, neither... nor..., fill in, burn down, wonder at
1. Looking out of the window, you can find that the scenery here is clearly visible.
2. Speaking of skateboarding, are you going to take part in some major events of the year?
3. Bob wondered at Jean's calmness in such a crisis, and believed she would be successful.
4. If we all agree to the new schedule, let's wind up the discussion now.
5. Students will be asked to fill in a questionnaire about the importance of creativity.
6. The house opposite the theatre was on fire last night and (was) burned down.
7. Neither Oleg's mother nor his father shows an interest in sculpture.

答案： 1. Looking out of 2. Speaking of 3. wondered at 4. wind up 5. fill in 6. (was) burned down 7. Neither; nor

Ⅰ. 阅读理解
We do not usually think about how our language works. Talking is such a natural, everyday activity that we do not often stop to consider the way it actually works. When we do study our language, though, we are often surprised that we are able to understand our conversations. Words can mean so many different things. However, it turns out that the speaking situation helps a lot in making language work.
First, the speaking situation helps make words more particular. For example, the word “dog” can describe a dog that a speaker saw in a dream. It can also be used to discuss a neighbour's dog. No language has a separate word for the idea “dog that I saw yesterday” and another word for the idea “dog that I saw in a dream”. This is because the speaking situation makes it clear what speakers mean when they use words. So, when you have a conversation with your neighbour, the knowledge that you have a dog tells your neighbour what the word “dog” probably means in that situation.
The speaking situation also helps make language clearer. For example, the word “bank” has two possible meanings. It can mean “a place where people keep money”, but it can also mean “the side of a river”. So the sentence “I went to the bank.” is not clear. It could mean I went to the side of a river or it could mean I went to the place where my money is kept. However, if the speaker is talking about fishing or going to the mountains, others probably know that “bank” means “the side of a river”.
The things that speakers say may not always be clear. Sometimes the words are not very particular, but the speaking situation can provide the meaning. At other times, words may have many meanings. Then the speaking situation limits the right meaning. This extra knowledge from the situation is very important for people to understand language.
1. What can we learn from the passage?
A. The speaking situation does not affect the meanings of words.
B. Speaking is not very natural for most people.
C. The speaking situation is not important.
D. People do not often consider how talking works.
(D)
2. Why does the author use the example of the word “dog”?
A. To show a word may need to be explained in a conversation.
B. To show a word may have different meanings.
C. To show the speaking situation helps people understand the particular meaning of a word.
D. To show the meaning of words is not particular.
(C)
3. What should people refer to when they want to know the meaning of the word “bank” according to the passage?
A. The time and the place where the conversation takes place.
B. The occupation of the person who uses the word.
C. Earlier or later parts of the conversation.
D. A reliable dictionary.
(C)
4. What is the passage mainly about?
A. The best time and place to talk to others.
B. How the speaking situation helps language work.
C. What to say in difficult situations.
D. How our language works.
(B)

答案： 1. D 2. C 3. C 4. B