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Have you ever wondered where your smartphone comes from? You might say it comes from a store or a factory. But the truth is more complicated (复杂的) than that — and it’s not a truth that is easy to hear.
Many different materials are needed to make smartphones. Obviously they need plastic and steel, but that’s just the beginning. Smartphones also use rare elements (元素), which are also known as “conflict (冲突) elements”. That’s because these elements largely come from areas that suffer from war and poverty (贫困).
Researchers at England’s University of Plymouth did an experiment to draw people’s attention to the use of conflict elements. They used a blender (搅拌机) to grind (磨碎) an iPhone 4S into little bits and pieces. They found that the phone had a great deal of silver, gold, cobalt (钴) and other elements. This means that to create one phone, workers would need to mine (开采) 10 to 15kg of ore (矿石).
Unfortunately, mining these ores can be bad for the environment, as it pollutes the water and soil. In addition, some of these elements are sold to support armies in war-torn areas.
And there is another big problem with mining conflict elements: illegal (非法的) child labor. For example, cobalt mines in the Democratic Republic of Congo in Africa have been using child workers to mine ore.
Luckily, there is some good news. Companies like Apple have promised to recycle more of their goods and fight child labor. However, these promises have yet to be carried out.
We hope that consumers (消费者) can now look at their phone in a different light, not just as a high-tech gadget (设备), but also as an item that is manufactured (制造) from raw materials, that are mined.
(
A. Practical. B. Pleasant. C. Successful. D. Difficult.
(
A. draw people’s attention to Apple
B. test the quality of smartphones
C. try out a blender they invented
D. find out which elements are used in smartphones
(
A. providing better jobs for children worldwide
B. countries and areas that are harmed by wars
C. the problems that mining conflict elements brings
D. how much ore is needed for each smartphone
(
A. Smartphone companies like Apple used to use child labor.
B. The researchers are strongly against the use of smartphones.
C. Smartphones are expensive because they are made of rare elements.
D. Recycling our smartphones is a wiser choice than throwing them away.
Have you ever wondered where your smartphone comes from? You might say it comes from a store or a factory. But the truth is more complicated (复杂的) than that — and it’s not a truth that is easy to hear.
Many different materials are needed to make smartphones. Obviously they need plastic and steel, but that’s just the beginning. Smartphones also use rare elements (元素), which are also known as “conflict (冲突) elements”. That’s because these elements largely come from areas that suffer from war and poverty (贫困).
Researchers at England’s University of Plymouth did an experiment to draw people’s attention to the use of conflict elements. They used a blender (搅拌机) to grind (磨碎) an iPhone 4S into little bits and pieces. They found that the phone had a great deal of silver, gold, cobalt (钴) and other elements. This means that to create one phone, workers would need to mine (开采) 10 to 15kg of ore (矿石).
Unfortunately, mining these ores can be bad for the environment, as it pollutes the water and soil. In addition, some of these elements are sold to support armies in war-torn areas.
And there is another big problem with mining conflict elements: illegal (非法的) child labor. For example, cobalt mines in the Democratic Republic of Congo in Africa have been using child workers to mine ore.
Luckily, there is some good news. Companies like Apple have promised to recycle more of their goods and fight child labor. However, these promises have yet to be carried out.
We hope that consumers (消费者) can now look at their phone in a different light, not just as a high-tech gadget (设备), but also as an item that is manufactured (制造) from raw materials, that are mined.
(
B
) 1. What does the underlined word “easy” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?A. Practical. B. Pleasant. C. Successful. D. Difficult.
(
D
) 2. The researchers ground (磨碎) up an iPhone 4S to ______.A. draw people’s attention to Apple
B. test the quality of smartphones
C. try out a blender they invented
D. find out which elements are used in smartphones
(
C
) 3. The researchers are actually concerned (关心的) about ______.A. providing better jobs for children worldwide
B. countries and areas that are harmed by wars
C. the problems that mining conflict elements brings
D. how much ore is needed for each smartphone
(
D
) 4. What can we infer (推断) from the story?A. Smartphone companies like Apple used to use child labor.
B. The researchers are strongly against the use of smartphones.
C. Smartphones are expensive because they are made of rare elements.
D. Recycling our smartphones is a wiser choice than throwing them away.
答案：
【解析】：
1. 题干意思是问第一段中划线单词“easy”可能的意思。根据第一段“You might say it comes from a store or a factory. But the truth is more complicated (复杂的) than that — and it’s not a truth that is easy to hear.”可知，人们可能会说智能手机来自商店或工厂，但事实比这更复杂，且这个事实不是容易听到的。这里“easy”修饰“hear”，结合语境，应该是说这个事实听起来不那么令人愉快，所以“easy”在这里意思是“pleasant（令人愉快的）”。A选项“Practical（实际的）”、C选项“Successful（成功的）”、D选项“Difficult（困难的）”均不符合语境。
2. 题干意思是问研究人员把一部iPhone 4S磨碎是为了什么。根据第三段“Researchers at England’s University of Plymouth did an experiment to draw people’s attention to the use of conflict elements. They used a blender (搅拌机) to grind (磨碎) an iPhone 4S into little bits and pieces. They found that the phone had a great deal of silver, gold, cobalt (钴) and other elements.”可知，研究人员磨碎iPhone 4S是为了找出智能手机中使用了哪些元素。A选项“draw people’s attention to Apple（引起人们对苹果公司的注意）”不是主要目的；B选项“test the quality of smartphones（测试智能手机的质量）”文中未提及；C选项“try out a blender they invented（试用他们发明的搅拌机）”也不符合文意。
3. 题干意思是问研究人员实际上关心的是什么。根据第三段“Researchers at England’s University of Plymouth did an experiment to draw people’s attention to the use of conflict elements.”以及后文对开采冲突元素带来的环境问题、支持战争军队、非法童工等问题的描述可知，研究人员实际上关心的是开采冲突元素带来的问题。A选项“providing better jobs for children worldwide（为全世界儿童提供更好的工作）”文中未提及；B选项“countries and areas that are harmed by wars（受战争伤害的国家和地区）”只是开采冲突元素带来的问题之一，不全面；D选项“how much ore is needed for each smartphone（每部智能手机需要多少矿石）”不是研究人员关心的重点。
4. 题干意思是问从这个故事中我们能推断出什么。根据最后一段“Luckily, there is some good news. Companies like Apple have promised to recycle more of their goods and fight child labor. However, these promises have yet to be carried out. We hope that consumers (消费者) can now look at their phone in a different light, not just as a high - tech gadget (设备), but also as an item that is manufactured (制造) from raw materials, that are mined.”可知，回收智能手机比扔掉它们是更明智的选择。A选项“Smartphone companies like Apple used to use child labor.（像苹果这样的智能手机公司过去曾使用童工）”文中只是说钴矿使用童工，不能推断出苹果公司过去使用童工；B选项“The researchers are strongly against the use of smartphones.（研究人员强烈反对使用智能手机）”文中未体现；C选项“Smartphones are expensive because they are made of rare elements.（智能手机很贵是因为它们是由稀有元素制成的）”文中未提及智能手机贵的原因与稀有元素有关。
【答案】：
1. B
2. D
3. C
4. D
1. 题干意思是问第一段中划线单词“easy”可能的意思。根据第一段“You might say it comes from a store or a factory. But the truth is more complicated (复杂的) than that — and it’s not a truth that is easy to hear.”可知，人们可能会说智能手机来自商店或工厂，但事实比这更复杂，且这个事实不是容易听到的。这里“easy”修饰“hear”，结合语境，应该是说这个事实听起来不那么令人愉快，所以“easy”在这里意思是“pleasant（令人愉快的）”。A选项“Practical（实际的）”、C选项“Successful（成功的）”、D选项“Difficult（困难的）”均不符合语境。
2. 题干意思是问研究人员把一部iPhone 4S磨碎是为了什么。根据第三段“Researchers at England’s University of Plymouth did an experiment to draw people’s attention to the use of conflict elements. They used a blender (搅拌机) to grind (磨碎) an iPhone 4S into little bits and pieces. They found that the phone had a great deal of silver, gold, cobalt (钴) and other elements.”可知，研究人员磨碎iPhone 4S是为了找出智能手机中使用了哪些元素。A选项“draw people’s attention to Apple（引起人们对苹果公司的注意）”不是主要目的；B选项“test the quality of smartphones（测试智能手机的质量）”文中未提及；C选项“try out a blender they invented（试用他们发明的搅拌机）”也不符合文意。
3. 题干意思是问研究人员实际上关心的是什么。根据第三段“Researchers at England’s University of Plymouth did an experiment to draw people’s attention to the use of conflict elements.”以及后文对开采冲突元素带来的环境问题、支持战争军队、非法童工等问题的描述可知，研究人员实际上关心的是开采冲突元素带来的问题。A选项“providing better jobs for children worldwide（为全世界儿童提供更好的工作）”文中未提及；B选项“countries and areas that are harmed by wars（受战争伤害的国家和地区）”只是开采冲突元素带来的问题之一，不全面；D选项“how much ore is needed for each smartphone（每部智能手机需要多少矿石）”不是研究人员关心的重点。
4. 题干意思是问从这个故事中我们能推断出什么。根据最后一段“Luckily, there is some good news. Companies like Apple have promised to recycle more of their goods and fight child labor. However, these promises have yet to be carried out. We hope that consumers (消费者) can now look at their phone in a different light, not just as a high - tech gadget (设备), but also as an item that is manufactured (制造) from raw materials, that are mined.”可知，回收智能手机比扔掉它们是更明智的选择。A选项“Smartphone companies like Apple used to use child labor.（像苹果这样的智能手机公司过去曾使用童工）”文中只是说钴矿使用童工，不能推断出苹果公司过去使用童工；B选项“The researchers are strongly against the use of smartphones.（研究人员强烈反对使用智能手机）”文中未体现；C选项“Smartphones are expensive because they are made of rare elements.（智能手机很贵是因为它们是由稀有元素制成的）”文中未提及智能手机贵的原因与稀有元素有关。
【答案】：
1. B
2. D
3. C
4. D
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