《2025年创新设计高中英语选择性必修第一册北师大版》

5 decrease *n*. 减少；减少的量 *vi. & vt*. 减少
教材原文 According to scientists, they include volcanic eruptions, asteroids hitting the Earth from space, changes in sea levels, the decrease of the oxygen content of the sea and global warming.科学家认为原因包括火山爆发、小行星从太空撞击地球、海平面变化、海洋含氧量下降和全球变暖。
感知 语言先输入
①The crime rate in this area has decreased to the lowest level nowadays.
②With the traffic improving, the number of accidents is on the decrease. （调查报告）
记牢 知识再梳理
(1)decrease (from...) to... （从……）减少到
decrease by... 减少了……
(2)a decrease in... 在……（方面）降低/减少
on the decrease 正在减少
[名师指津] decrease to...后接数字，表示“减少/下降到……”；decrease by...后接数字、百分数，表示“减少/下降了……”。
运用 单句语法填空/完成句子
①This species of bird has a decrease in numbers every year.
②After taking the medicine, his temperature decreased from 40℃ to 36.8℃.
服用药品之后，他的体温从40℃下降到36.8℃。
③We have been aware that it is because of varied human activities that the number of ocean animals is decreasing/is on the decrease.（2022·全国甲卷）
我们已经意识到，正是由于各种各样的人类活动，海洋动物的数量正在减少。

答案： 5.①in ②decreased from ③is decreasing/is on the decrease

6 blame *vt*. 责怪，指责；把……归咎于
教材原文 This time, human activity will be to blame.这一次，人类的活动应当承担责任。
感知 语言先输入
① The police blamed the traffic accident on Tom's careless driving.
②There is a sense in which we are all to blame for the tragedy.
记牢 知识再梳理
(1)blame sb for (doing) sth 为某事责备某人/责备某人做了某事
blame sth on sb 把某事归咎于某人
be to blame (for sth) （对某事）负有责任
(2)put/lay the blame for sth on... 将某事归咎于……
[名师指津] be to blame 短语中 blame 不能用被动形式，该短语为主动形式表示被动含义。
运用 单句语法填空/完成句子/完成语段
① So instead of putting/laying the blame for mistakes on others, we should communicate more and put ourselves in others' place.
②Blamed for the failure of the performance, Tim felt seized by a burst of sadness and couldn't help crying bitterly. （情感描写）
蒂姆因演出失败受到责备，他悲伤得忍不住痛哭。
③Don't always blame your own failure on others. Sometimes you yourself are to blame for it.
不要总把自己的失败归咎于他人。有时你自己该为此负责。

答案： 6.①for;on ②Blamed for the failure of the performance ③blame your own failure on others;are to blame for it