《2025年创新设计高中英语选择性必修第一册北师大版》

三、过去完成时的特殊用法
[先感知]
①We had hardly begun when we were told to stop.
我们刚开始就被叫停。
②He had no sooner left the room than they began to talk about him.
他刚离开房间，他们就开始谈论起他来。
③When O’Neill received the Pulitzer Prize in Drama in 1957, it was the fourth time he had won it. (译林选二 U1)
1957年，奥尼尔获得普利策戏剧奖，这是他第四次获奖。
④Though it was the first time many of the students had taken part in a volunteer programme like this, they were eager to share various interesting topics with the residents, such as how to use mobile phones and go online on the computer. (译林选二 U1)
虽然这是许多学生第一次参加这样的志愿者项目，但他们渴望与居民分享各种有趣的话题，例如如何使用手机和上网。
[会发现] 过去完成时也常用于一些固定句型中。
[明规则] 常见的固定句型有：hardly...when...(刚刚……就……), no sooner...than...(刚……就……), This/It was the first/second/...time＋that 从句(这是第一/第二/……次做某事)等。
[对点练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①It was the first time that he had been(be) late for school.
②I had hardly opened the door when a cat rushed(rush) into my house.
③Hardly had I sorted out the papers on the desk when the manager called me.
我刚整理好桌子上的文件经理就给我打电话了。
④No sooner had they heard their head teacher’s voice than they ceased their talking.
他们一听到班主任的声音就停止了谈话。

答案： 会发现
固定句型
对点练
①had been ②rushed ③had I sorted out the papers on the desk when ④had they heard their head teacher’s voice than

四、过去完成时与一般过去时的区别
[先感知]
①The chef had set up a farm-to-table restaurant before his new cookbook was published. / A new farm-to-table restaurant had been set up by the chef before his new cookbook was published. (人教选二 U3)
在这位厨师的新烹饪书出版之前，他已经开了一家从农场到餐桌的餐厅。
②Pulitzer knew that he had learned very little English, so he started to work hard at the language. (译林选二 U1)
普利策知道自己学的英语很少，所以他开始努力学习英语。
[会发现] 过去完成时和一般过去时都指动作发生在过去，但一般过去时强调动作发生在过去，而过去完成时则强调动作在过去某时刻前已完成。

答案：    过去

五、过去完成时与现在完成时的区别
[先感知]
①For many of us, it’s something we already have experienced. (外研选四 U1)
对于我们许多人来说，都有过这样的经历。
②Many of the best reporters had worked for his paper before its failure in 1931. (译林选二 U1)
在1931年该报社倒闭之前，许多最优秀的记者都曾为他工作过。
③I have seen the movie twice so far.
到目前为止，这部电影我已看过两遍了。
④I had seen the movie twice till then.
到那时为止，这部电影我已看过两遍了。
[会发现] 现在完成时以现在的时间为基点，表示的动作虽然发生在过去，但侧重对现在产生的结果或影响；过去完成时则是一个相对的时态，它以过去时间为基点，不仅表示动作发生在过去，更强调“过去的过去”，通常只有和过去某时或某动作相比较时，才用到该时态。
[名师指津]
(1)by the time＋一般过去时，主句一般用过去完成时。by the time＋一般现在时，主句一般用将来时或将来完成时。
①By the time he was 25, Pulitzer had become a journalist and publisher. (译林选二 U1)
25岁时，普利策已经成为一名记者和出版人。
②I will have finished the work by the time my father comes back.
到我父亲回来时，我将已完成工作。
(2)如果时间状语从句中的动作发生在主句之前，则从句用过去完成时，主句用一般过去时。
After I had finished reading the novel, I went to bed. 我读完了这部小说之后才上床睡觉。
[对点练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①You didn’t let me drive. If we had driven(drive) in turn, you wouldn’t have been so tired.
②This device operated well as though it had been repaired(repair).
③Funnily enough, I met her only yesterday.
说来也巧，昨天我刚碰见了她。
④So far, so good. I have got two A’s and one B in my exams.
迄今为止，一切顺利。我的考试两门得A，一门得B。

答案： 会发现
现在
对点练
①had driven ②had been repaired ③I met her ④have got two A’s