《2025年与名师对话高中同步全程导学案高中英语选择性必修第一册外研版》

一、非限制性定语从句的概述
非限制性定语从句只是对主句内容或先行词的补充、解释或附加说明。主句与先行词或从句之间一般用逗号隔开，常常单独翻译。没有它，主句意思仍然完整。
二、引导非限制性定语从句的关系词
1. 关系词

2. 关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句
关系代词有 as, which, who, whom, whose 等，作定语从句的主语、宾语、表语或定语。当先行词指人时，通常使用 who, whom, whose 来引导；当先行词指物时，通常使用 which, whose 来引导。关系代词不可以省略。另外,that 不能引导非限制性定语从句。
Sarah, who has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.
莎拉与顶级模特一起参加演出是想证明她不但美丽,而且很有智慧。
The books on the desk, whose covers are shiny, are prizes for us.
桌上那些封面闪闪发光的书是给我们的奖励。
Xiaowang, whom they often talk about, is going to America next month.(whom 作宾语)
他们经常谈到的那个小王下个月要去美国。
[名师点津] 由 as,which 引导的非限制性定语从句,as 和 which 可指代整个主句或主句所表达的整个意思,相当于 and this 或 and that 且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。但不同之处主要有：
(1)as 引导的定语从句可置于句首，而 which 不可。
(2)as 后常接 expect, know, report, say, see 等动词的主、被动语态句，有“正如，就像”之意；which 常翻译为“这一点”。
As we all know, the earth goes around the sun.(as 作宾语)
众所周知,地球绕着太阳转。
It rained hard yesterday, which prevented me from going to the park.(which 代指上句 It rained hard yesterday，which 可转换为 and this/that)
昨天雨下得很大，这阻止了我去公园。
[即学即练 1] 用适当的关系代词填空
① AsAsis often the case, we have worked out the production plan.
②Thomas Edison was a great scientist,whoseinventions have changed the way of our living. whose
③Peter,whomwhom/who you met in Paris, is now working in London.
④They often run at high speeds,whichmay put our lives in danger. which

答案： ①As ②whose ③whom ④which

3. 关系副词引导的非限制性定语从句
当先行词指时间或地点时，用 when,where 引导非限制性定语从句,在定语从句中作状语。why 不引导非限制性定语从句,但可用 for which 代替。
Sunday is a holiday, when people do not go to work.
星期天是假日，这一天人们不上班。
We are going to spend the Spring Festival in Guangzhou, where my grandparents and some relatives live.
我们打算在广州过春节,那里住着我的祖父母和一些亲戚。
The president said that he didn’t need any reason, for which the plan couldn’t be carried out.
董事长说他不需要任何计划不能得到执行的理由。
[即学即练 2] 用适当的关系副词填空
① The class officers will meet in Room 101, wherewherethey met last week.
② Mr. Smith owned this oil painting until the early 1990s,whenwhen he gave it to his grandson.

答案： ①where ②when