《2025年与名师对话高中同步全程导学案高中英语选择性必修第一册外研版》

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The Importance of Humour
Humour has been an essential ① part of human behaviour for thousands of years. There is comedy in the texts of Ancient Greece ②, and medieval ③ writings are filled with ④ jokes. While these same jokes might not be as funny to us now as they were then, their authors understood that humour could not only entertain but also ⑤ throw new light on ⑥ sensitive or emotive ⑦ issues [1].
[1]此处为复合句。While 引导让步状语从句。主句中含有 that 引导的宾语从句，not only...but also...连接从句的并列谓语。
Closer to modern times, someone who is remembered for his ability to combine ⑧ humour with more serious messages ⑨ is American writer, Mark Twain. Twain's particular style of writing ⑩ is funny and often mischievous ⑪. For example, in his classic novel ⑫ The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, he famously says, "Writing is easy. All you have to do is cross out ⑬ the wrong words. [2]" But he is equally well known for his witty remarks ⑭ in his everyday interactions ⑮ with people. For instance, while on a lecturing tour ⑯ of the United States, Twain went into a barber's shop ⑰ to get a haircut and a shave. The barber, not recognising him, asked if he had a ticket to the lecture. When Twain replied that he didn't, the barber told him that if he wanted to go to the event ⑱ he would have to stand, as there were no seats left in the theatre. Twain's response was, "That's just my luck. I always have to stand when that fellow lectures!"
[2]此处为复合句。All 作主句主语，其后的定语从句中含有实义动词 do 的某种形式时，作表语的不定式可以省略动词不定式符号 to。
Like Twain, but on the other side of the world, Lin Yutang was soon to become famous for his unique brand ⑲ of humour. A well - known bilingual writer ⑳, Lin brought the concept ㉑ of humour to modern Chinese literature ㉒. In 1924, he creatively borrowed "youmo" from Ancient Chinese as the translation for the English word "humour". "Youmo" is still being used in this way today.
Lin's quick wit ㉓ helped make him famous as a master of humour ㉔. Once, having been invited to dinner at a university, he was put on the spot ㉕ when the president suddenly asked him to give a speech [3]. Thinking on his feet ㉖, Lin started to tell a story about a cruel ㉗ Roman emperor ㉘ who tried to feed a man to wild animals. First came a lion [4]. The man whispered ㉙ something in the lion's ear, after which the lion shook its head and walked away unhappily. Then along came a tiger. Again, the man whispered in the tiger's ear. The tiger looked shocked and hurried away ㉚. "What did you say to my animals?" said the emperor, astonished. "I told them they had to make a speech after eating me for dinner. " Lin's audience roared ㉛ with laughter. With this little joke, Lin was able to make people laugh, while gently telling off ㉜ the president.
[3]此处为复合句。主句使用了被动语态，动词 - ing 短语 having been invited to dinner at a university 作状语。由于 invited 这个动作发生在 was put on 之前，所以用完成式。when 引导时间状语从句。
[4]此处为完全倒装句，副词 First 放在句首时，后面把谓语 came 移到主语之前。
Both Twain and Lin understood that humour isn't just about laughter, but is a way of life and a tool that can be used to illuminate ㉝ the world. Lin even created an equation ㉞ to explain this concept: Reality + Dreams + Humour = Wisdom. Living and working with others can sometimes be complicated ㉟, and humour makes this easier. Sharing jokes and laughing together can bring individuals and even communities together ㊱. Indeed, some may argue that our need for humour is almost as great as our need for water and air. In the words of Mark Twain, "Humor is mankind's greatest blessing ㊲".
过程清障
①essential adj. 极其重要的，必不可少的
②Ancient Greece 古希腊
③medieval adj. 中世纪的，中古时期的
④be filled with 充满，装满
⑤not only...but also... 不仅……而且……
⑥throw light on 使（某事）显得非常清楚；使人了解（某事）
⑦emotive adj. 使情绪激动的
⑧combine v. 使结合，使联合 combine...with... 把……和……结合起来
⑨serious message 严肃的内容
⑩particular style of writing 特别的写作风格
⑪mischievous adj. 调皮的，淘气的
⑫classic novel 经典小说
⑬cross out 删除，删去（字句）
⑭witty remark 机智的言论
⑮interaction n. 交流
⑯on a lecturing tour 在巡回演讲
⑰barber's shop 理发店
⑱go to the event 去参加活动
⑲brand n. 品牌，牌子 brand of ……风格 brand of humour 某种类型的幽默
⑳bilingual writer 双语作家
㉑concept n. 概念，观念
㉒modern Chinese literature 中国现代文学
㉓quick wit 机智敏捷
㉔master of humour 幽默大师
㉕spot n. 地点，处所 put sb. on the spot（故意提出难以回答或尴尬的问题）使某人难堪
㉖think on one's feet 急中生智；头脑反应很快
㉗cruel adj. 残忍的 cruelty n. 残忍，残酷；无情
㉘Roman emperor 罗马皇帝
㉙whisper v. 悄声说，低语
㉚hurry away 匆匆离去
㉛roar v. 哄笑，大笑 roar with laughter 哄堂大笑
㉜tell off 斥责，责骂
㉝ illuminate v. 照亮，照明
㉞equation n. 等式，方程式
㉟complicated adj. 难处理的；难懂的
㊱bring...together 把……聚集在一起
㊲blessing n. 恩赐；祝福；好事
参考译文
幽默的重要性
数千年来，幽默一直是人类行为的重要组成部分。古希腊的文字记载中有喜剧，笑话也常常出现在中世纪的作品当中。虽然对现在的我们来说，那些笑话可能没有它们在中世纪的时候那么有趣，但它们的作者明白，幽默不只是一种娱乐的方式，它还可以使人们对敏感问题或有争议的问题产生新的认识。
到了近现代，美国作家马克·吐温因擅长用幽默的方式表达严肃的内容而著称。他独特的写作风格幽默风趣，而且常常带有调侃意味。例如，在他的经典小说《汤姆·索耶历险记》中有一句名言：“写作很容易，你只需要把错误的单词划掉就行。”但是他日常与人交流中的诙谐言论同样出名。比如，有一次在美国做巡回演讲的时候，马克·吐温走进一家理发店去理发和刮脸。理发师没有认出他，问他有没有这场演讲的门票。当马克·吐温回答说没有时，理发师告诉他，如果他想去听演讲就只能站着，因为剧院里没有多余的座位了。马克·吐温回答说：“真倒霉。只要那个家伙演讲，我总是要站着！”
和马克·吐温类似，在世界的另一端，林语堂很快也因其独特的幽默风格而出名。作为著名的双语作家，林语堂将幽默的概念引入了中国现代文学。1924 年，他创造性地借用古汉语中的“幽默”作为英文单词“humour”的翻译。今天，“幽默”一词仍在以这种方式被人们使用。
林语堂的机智使他成为了著名的幽默大师。有一次，他被邀请去一个大学吃晚餐，当校长突然让他做演讲时，他感到很为难。林语堂急中生智，开始讲述一个残忍的罗马皇帝要把一个人喂给野兽的故事。首先来了一头狮子，那人对狮子耳语了几句，狮子摇摇头，不高兴地走开了。然后来了一只老虎，那人又对老虎耳语了几句，老虎看起来很震惊，急忙跑开了。“你对我的动物们说了什么？”皇帝惊讶地说。“我告诉它们，把我作为晚餐吃掉后，它们必须要演讲一番。”林语堂的听众们顿时哄堂大笑。通过这个小笑话，林语堂既能让大家哈哈大笑，同时也委婉地表达了对校长的不满。
幽默不只能带来笑声，它还是一种生活方式，是一种可以用来阐明世界的工具，马克·吐温和林语堂都明白这一点。林语堂甚至还创造了一个公式来解释他的理念：现实 + 梦想 + 幽默 = 智慧。和其他人在一起生活和工作有时候并不是一件容易的事，而幽默可以让这些事变得更简单。一起讲笑话、一起欢笑可以使不同的个体甚至是团体凝聚在一起。事实上，有些人甚至会认为我们对幽默的需求几乎与我们对水和空气的需求一样强烈。用马克·吐温的话来说：“幽默是人类头等的幸事。”
深度理解
Ⅰ. Match the main idea with each paragraph.
Para. 1 A. Conclusion—humour as a way of life and a tool.
Para. 2 B. Introduction—the function of humour.
Para. 3 C. Lin Yutang's brand of humour.
Para. 4 D. Mark Twain and his humour.
Para. 5 E. Lin Yutang's wisdom.
Ⅱ. Choose the best answer according to the text.
1. What did Twain's response to the barber mean?
A. He felt very lucky.
B. He liked standing.
C. He would give the lecture.
D. He made a fool of the barber.
2. What did Lin Yutang do when he was suddenly asked to give a speech?
A. He obeyed the command.
B. He fed a man to wild animals.
C. He went away angrily.
D. He told off the president through humour.
3. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A. Humour has a lot to do with wisdom.
B. Humour makes no difference to our life.
C. People in Ancient Greece were not humorous.
D. Humour is the translation for the Chinese word "youmo".
4. Why did Mark Twain think "Humor is mankind's greatest blessing"?
A. Humour was able to make people laugh.
B. Humour separates people from their enemies.
C. Humour is almost as great as our need for water and air.
D. Humour helped him a lot when he wrote his novels.
Ⅲ. Express the ideas of your own according to the text.
1. Why is Lin Yutang's joke about the man and wild animals funny?
Because with the little joke, Lin was able to make people laugh, while gently telling off the president.
2. Do you think humour is important in our life? Why?
Yes, it is important in our life. Humour is mankind’s greatest blessing. Humour can make our life easier and it can help me deal with my problems in a simple and easy way.
3. How can you become more humorous?
Just as the equation Lin created, “Reality + Dreams + Humour= Wisdom.” If a person wants to be humorous, he should understand reality, have dreams, and learn hard to be wise.
Ⅳ. Complete the following tasks.
1. Read the text carefully and find out the sentences to describe Mark Twain's humour.
①That’s just my luck. I always have to stand when that fellow lectures!
②Writing is easy. All you have to do is cross out the wrong words.
2. Read the text carefully and find out the sentence to describe "happiness".
Lin’s audience roared with laughter.
3. Read the text carefully and find out the sentences to describe the importance of humour.
The last paragraph.

答案： I. Match the main idea with each paragraph. Para. 1—B Para. 2—D Para. 3—C Para. 4—E Para. 5—A
@@II. Choose the best answer according to the text. 1. C 2. D 3. A 4. C
@@III. Express the ideas of your own according to the text. 1. Because with the little joke, Lin was able to make people laugh, while gently telling off the president. 2. Yes, it is important in our life. Humour is mankind’s greatest blessing. Humour can make our life easier and it can help me deal with my problems in a simple and easy way. 3. Just as the equation Lin created, “Reality + Dreams + Humour= Wisdom.” If a person wants to be humorous, he should understand reality, have dreams, and learn hard to be wise.
@@IV. Complete the following tasks. 1. ①That’s just my luck. I always have to stand when that fellow lectures! ②Writing is easy. All you have to do is cross out the wrong words. 2. Lin’s audience roared with laughter. 3. The last paragraph.