《2025年优化探究同步导学案高中英语必修第一册人教版》

总结 课文语法填空
For several days before the earthquake 1. (strike) Tangshan, strange things were happening. For example, chickens and even pigs were too nervous 2. (eat) and mice ran out of the fields 3. (look) for places to hide, etc. At about 3:00 a. m., on 28 July 1976, bright lights were seen in the sky and loud noises were heard, but the local people were asleep as usual at that time.
Then at 3:42 a. m., one deadly earthquake 4. (hit) Tangshan. In less than one minute, the whole city lay in ruins. The number of people who were killed or badly 5. (injure) was more than 400,000 and thousands of children were left without parents. Everywhere survivors looked, there was nothing but ruins. It seemed as if the world were coming to 6. end.
However, soon after the earthquake, aid from all corners of our country came. Soldiers arrived to dig out those 7. are trapped and to bury the dead. Doctors, nurses and those from other walks of life came to help. Slowly the city started to revive 8. (it) and get back up on its feet. A new Tangshan 9. (build) upon the earthquake ruins with strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city's people, which proved that 10. times of disaster, people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.

答案： 1. struck
2. to eat
3. to look
4. hit
5. injured
6. an
7. who
8. itself
9. was built
10. in

解读 词块+长难句
Ⅰ. 词块
1. 像往常一样
2. 结束
3. 在城市正下方
4. 横贯
5. 成为废墟
6. 失去父母
7. 吹走
8. 成千上万的
9. 倒塌
10. 挖出
11. 重新站起来
12. 在灾难时刻
13. 保持乐观
14. ……的家园

答案： 1. as usual
2. come to an end
3. right under the city
4. run across
5. in ruins
6. lose one's parents
7. blow away
8. thousands of
9. fall down
10. dig out
11. stand up again
12. in times of disaster
13. stay optimistic
14. home to...

Ⅱ. 分析长难句
1. At least one well had some smelly gas coming out of it.
[句式分析] coming out of it 为现在分词短语作后置定语,修饰 gas。gas 与 come 之间为逻辑上的 。
[自主翻译]
2. Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide, and fish jumped out of the water.
[句式分析] looking for places to hide 为现在分词短语作伴随状语,mice 与 look for 之间为逻辑上的 关系。and 连接两个并列句,mice 的动作和 fish 的动作是同步发生的,两个句子中的谓语动词用同样的时态:ran 和 jumped。
[自主翻译]
3. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!
[句式分析] It seemed as if... 表示“看起来好像...”,为主系表结构,seem 是系动词,as if 引导 从句,该从句使用了虚拟语气。从句中谓语用 were 为习惯用法,表示说话的人在说话时的想象,与主句表示的情形无关。
[自主翻译]
4. Eleven kilometres directly below the city, one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun, a quake that even caused damaged more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing.
[句式分析] “a quake that even caused damaged more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing”作前面句子中 one of the most deadly earthquakes 的同位语,解释说明为什么称 one of the most deadly earthquakes,其中 that 引导定语从句,修饰先行词 ,that 在从句中做 语。
[自主翻译]
5. Everywhere survivors looked, there was nothing but ruins.
[句式分析] there was/is nothing but... 表示“除了……之外,什么都没有”或“无一不是”。but 是介词,表示“”。
[自主翻译]
6. Most bridges had fallen or were not safe to cross.
[句式分析] 主语 + be + adj. ( + for sb. ) + 不定式(该不定式常用主动形式表示被动的含义),此结构中形容词常常是 。
[自主翻译]

答案： 1. 主谓关系；至少有一口井有一些难闻的气体从里面冒出来。
2. 主谓；老鼠从田里跑出来寻找藏身之处，鱼也跳出了水面。
3. 表语；世界似乎就要末日了！
4. quake；主；就在这座城市正下方11公里处，20世纪最致命的地震之一开始了，这场地震甚至在150多公里外的北京也造成了破坏。
5. 除了；幸存者放眼望去，到处都是废墟。
6. 表示难易、安全等意义的形容词；大多数桥梁已经倒塌，或者不安全，无法通行。