《2025年综合应用创新题典中点九年级英语全一册人教版》

外刊阅读——学会地道英语 培养社交能力的新途径
Researchers have recently discovered that gut (肠道) bacteria that grow within our body help the brain build important social skills.
According to a paper published in PLOS Biology, zebra fish were used as research subjects to test how a lack of bacteria could affect social skills. Zebra fish are social animals as even 2-week-old fish start to hang out in groups of four to twelve.
The experiment started with making a group of fish “bacteria-free” through their diet. The other group were injected with a healthy mix of gut bacteria after they were hatched. “About 15 days later, the second group began swimming in groups while the ‘bacteria-free’ group shockingly didn’t,” Judith Eisen, a coauthor of the new research, said to Quanta Magazine.
The team then examined the fish’s brains, discovering obvious differences between the two groups. The ones who lacked the gut bacteria had more interconnections among the neurons (神经元) in their brains in charge of social behavior, and social neurons were seen to have overgrown. This made the fish more cautious in social situations.
Scientists said that the bacteria might release a special chemical that crosses the blood brain barrier (血脑屏障) to reach the brain directly. Although the experiments were only on fish, the findings can be applied to humans. The team wishes to explore how gut bacteria affect the human brain in the future, which may lead to solutions to mental health problems.
Perhaps many people who claim that they have “social phobia (社交恐惧症)” can blame their guts. However, social phobia, or social anxiety disorder, can be a serious illness if overlooked (忽视). According to the National Health Service in the UK it is more than shyness but instead a constant fear of social situations. Patients may experience panic attacks which are an overwhelming (巨大的) fear and anxiety that last for a few minutes.
一、好词句深练
(一)根据语境用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. Social (society) media has become an integral part of our daily lives.
2. There is a significant difference (different) between city life and countryside life.
3. Finding a solution (solve) to the problem requires teamwork and creativity.
(二)用方框中词的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分 constant affect
1. Her continuous encouragement kept me motivated through the tough times. constant
2. The new policy will influence how we do business in the future. affect
(三)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
1. He is in charge of (负责) the marketing department at the company.
2. There seems to be a lack of (缺乏) communication between the team members.
(四)仿写句子
1. The experiment started with making a group of fish “bacteria-free” through their diet. (动名词短语作介词宾语)
仿写: 谢谢你为我点橙汁，这是我最喜欢的，米莉。
Thank you for ordering orange juice for me. It's my favourite, Millie.
2. About 15 days later, the second group began swimming in groups while the ‘bacteria-free’ group shockingly didn’t, ... (while 引导并列句表示对比)
仿写: 我的表兄擅长唱歌，而我擅长画画。
My cousin is good at singing while I do well in drawing.
二、阅读短文，选择正确答案
(D) 1. What does the research focus on?
A. The growth of gut bacteria. B. The way zebra fish build social skills.
C. The influencing factors of social behavior.
D. The link between gut bacteria and social behavior.
(D) 2. What was found in the experiment?
A. The two groups of zebra fish became different in size.
B. The bacteria-free zebra fish swam in groups.
C. The zebra fish injected with gut bacteria were quieter.
D. The zebra fish injected with gut bacteria swam in groups.
(A) 3. How do scientists feel about their findings?
A. Positive. B. Disappointed. C. Doubtful. D. Concerned.

答案： 一、（一）1. Social 2. difference 3. solution（二）1. constant 2. affect（三）1. in charge of 2. a lack of（四）1. Thank you for ordering orange juice for me. It's my favourite, Millie.2. My cousin is good at singing while I do well in drawing.二、【主旨大意】研究人员最近发现，我们体内的肠道菌群有助于大脑培养重要的社交技能。1. D【点拨】推理判断题。根据文章内容，特别是第二段中的“According to a paper published in PLOS Biology, zebra fish were used as research subjects to test how a lack of bacteria could affect social skills.”可知，本文的研究重点就在于肠道菌群与社交行为之间的关系，故选 D。2. D【点拨】细节理解题。由第三段中的“About 15 days later, the second group began swimming in groups while the 'bacteria - free' group shockingly, didn't”可知选 D。3. A【点拨】推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的“Although the experiments were only on fish, the findings can be applied to humans.”可推知，科学家们对该发现是持肯定态度的。故选 A。