《2026年薪火金卷高考仿真模拟卷英语》

C
Using needles to deliver drugs has been common for more than a century. The past hundred
years have seen all manner of medical advances, from life-saving medicine and X-rays to mRNA
vaccines（疫苗） and special cancer treatments. Yet, the needle has stayed mostly unchanged.
Although now available in a variety of different sizes, it remains a hollow (having a hole or empty
space inside), pointy tube.
With luck, that may soon change. As Yichi Ma, a scientist at the University of California,
Berkeley, and his colleagues outlined in a review paper, researchers around the world are looking
for ways to ease the passage of needles into the skin. Many have been inspired by nature.
The team got their idea from mosquitoes, which manage to get their blood meals without
causing great pain to people. One reason is that the insects use painkilling chemicals when they
first puncture(刺穿) the skin. But there is another reason. The point of a mosquito’s saw-like
proboscis(喙) is softer at its tip. The insect makes the skin of its target tight before biting, and
shakes its proboscis as it pushes the proboscis in. All of this helps reduce the force needed to
puncture the skin.
One paper, published in 2020, found that a mosquito-inspired needle required 27% less
puncturing force than an ordinary one. And less force means less pain.
Mosquito-inspired needles might also be useful for delicate procedures such as biopsies (the
examination of tissue taken from a living body). A paper from the University of Michigan, also
published in 2020, found that scientists could improve biopsies of tissue in some body organs.
The lower force led to less movement of the organ itself, ensuring that the needles were guided
accurately to the area that needed sampling.
For now, such devices remain limited to labs. But there is a big market for better needles.
According to WHO, around 16 billion were given in 2018. With one person in four saying they
suffer from a fear of needles, it means the savings on stickers and sweets for the brave souls who
roll up their sleeves would be considerable.
28. What can we infer about needles from Paragraph 1?
A. Their importance has been ignored for long.
B. They fall behind other medical innovations.
C. Their size remains the same for over a century.
D. They have a poor source of supply for decades.
29. What primarily motivates researchers to improve the needle design?
A. Copying the structure of the mosquito’s proboscis.
B. Enhancing the drug delivery mechanism.
C. Reducing patients’ discomfort during injection.
D. Making needles more flexible and adaptable.
30. How does a mosquito-inspired needle strengthen biopsy procedures according to the passage?
A. By making the target skin tight.
B. By minimizing organ movement during sampling.
C. By making the needle tip sharper.
D. By lessening patient anxiety during operation.
31. Why did the author mention the figures in the last paragraph?
A. To show people’s anxiety about injection.
B. To highlight the limitations of current needle designs.
C. To show the serious problem of too many injections.
D. To emphasize the potential demand for improved needles.

答案： 28. B [推理判断题。由第一段中的“The past hundred years have seen all manner of medical advances”可知，在过去的一百年里，医学取得了各种各样的进步。再由第一段中的“Yet, the needle has stayed mostly unchanged”可知，针头变化不大。由医学各种各样的进步和针头变化不大的鲜明对比可推断，针头落后于其他医疗创新。故选 B 项。]
29. C [推理判断题。由第三段，尤其是第三段最后一句可知，所有这些都有助于减少刺穿皮肤所需的力
量。再结合第四段可知，受蚊子启发设计的针头比普通针头所需的穿刺力少 27%，更少的力量意味着更少的痛苦。由此可知，“减少患者注射时的不适”促进研究人员改进针头设计。故选 C 项。部分考生看到 A 项与原文中的“The team got their idea from mosquitoes”“Mosquito - inspired needles”表述相似，从而误选 A 项，忽略了此处是问科学家研究的动力来源，而非灵感来源。]
30. B [细节理解题。根据题干中的“biopsy procedures”可将答案信息定位至第五段。由第五段最后一句可知，较低的力导致器官本身的移动较少，从而确保针头被准确地引导到需要采样的区域。故选 B 项。部分考生看见 A 项与第三段中的“makes the skin of its target tight”表述一致，从而误选 A 项，忽略了第三段说的是蚊子在不给人类带来巨大痛苦的情况下获取血液的做法，并不是科学家改进对某些身体器官组织的活组织检查的做法。]
31. D [写作意图题。最后一段先讲这类设备目前仍局限于实验室，然后讲述但是更好的针头有很大的市场，紧接着便列举数据说明。由此可知，作者提到这些数据是为了强调改良针头有很大的潜在市场需求。故选 D 项。]