《2026年薪火金卷高考仿真模拟卷英语》

C
The experience of touch is key to babies beginning to recognize themselves in a mirror, new
research shows, which usually happens when babies are about a year and a half old. “Babies
pulling on their toes (脚趾) or hitting lightly their fingers are not just playing,” says Jeffrey
Lockman, senior author of the research paper. “They are trying to recognize themselves.”
The researchers began by placing small vibrating(震动的) discs on the foreheads of babies
around 14 months old, before the usual age at which self-recognition occurs. In response to the
vibration, they would reach up and touch the discs. Next, researchers turned the children to face
a mirror and watched as they reached up to touch the discs. The researchers then had the children
perform the standard mirror-mark test for self-recognition in which a small mark of paint or
makeup was placed on each child’s face. If the child looked in the mirror and touched the mark on
their own face or said words like their name or “me”, they demonstrated self-recognition.
The researchers also observed a control group of children exposed to the laboratory
experience with mirrors but not the vibrating discs. The children who touched their face more
frequently recognized themselves in the mirror about two months earlier, on average, than those
who typically first begin to recognize themselves in a mirror. This indicates a possible mechanism
that self-awareness can develop based on engaged experiences that human babies naturally
generate.
The study challenges a long-standing assumption that self-recognition in early childhood is
somehow hardwired. For a long time, scientists believed early recognition in the mirror was a
built-in function of human brains and those of our closest primate(灵长类) relatives, rather than
linked to sensory or motor experiences.
“Interventions for babies who have issues related to motor skills are typically focused on
reaching for objects in the external world and controlling them,” Lockman says. “According to
our findings, reaching to the body is equally important and exploring the body is the gateway to
self-knowledge.”
28. Why do babies hit their fingers lightly at an early age?
A. To explore their surroundings.
B. To build up self-identification.
C. To signal their self-recognition.
D. To engage in playful activities.
29. How did the babies in the experiment form self-recognition?
A. Through active exploration.
B. By seeing vibration in mirrors.
C. Through word-related response.
D. By copying others’ movements.
30. What is a common misunderstanding of early-childhood self-recognition?
A. It is an inborn capability.
B. It develops through learning.
C. It is related to experiences.
D. It exists in men and animals.
31. What do the findings suggest about treating children’s motor delays?
A. Staring at themselves in the mirror.
B. Intervening as early as possible.
C. Enhancing external motor activities.
D. Having interactions with their bodies.

答案： 28.B [细节理解题。根据第一段中“‘Babies pulling on their toes（脚趾）or hitting lightly their fingers are not just playing,’ says Jeffrey Lockman, senior author of the research paper. ‘They are trying to recognize themselves.（该研究论文的资深作者杰弗里·洛克曼说：‘婴儿拉自己的脚趾或轻轻敲击手指，不仅仅是在玩耍。他们是在试图识别自己。’）”可知，婴儿早期轻轻敲击手指与发展自我识别能力有关。故选B项。]
29.A [细节理解题。根据第二段“The researchers began by placing small vibrating（震动的）discs on the foreheads of babies around 14 months old, before the usual age at which self recognition occurs... If the child looked in the mirror and touched the mark on their own face or said words like their name or ‘me’, they demonstrated self recognition.”可知，研究人员首先在约14个月大的婴儿的额头上放置了小型震动圆盘，这个年龄通常尚未达到自我识别发生的阶段。作为对震动的回应，他们会伸手触摸圆盘。接下来，研究人员让孩子们面对镜子，观察他们伸手触摸圆盘。然后，研究人员让孩子们进行标准的镜子标记测试以检验自我识别能力，即在每个孩子的脸上涂上一小点颜料或化妆品。如果孩子看着镜子并触摸自己脸上的标记，或者说出自己的名字或“我”这样的字，就表明他们有自我识别能力。由此可知，实验中的婴儿通过伸手触摸圆盘、在镜子前触摸标记等积极探索的行为来培养自我识别。故选A项。]
30.A [细节理解题。根据第四段中“The study challenges a long standing assumption that self recognition in early childhood is somehow hardwired.（这项研究挑战了一个长期存在的假设，即幼儿的自我识别在某种程度上是天生的。）”可知，对幼儿自我识别的常见误解是它是一种天生的能力。故选A项。]
31.D [细节理解题。根据最后一段“‘Interventions for babies who have issues related to motor skills are typically focused on reaching for objects in the external world and controlling them,’ Lockman says. ‘According to our findings, reaching to the body is equally important and exploring the body is the gateway to self knowledge.（洛克曼说：‘针对有运动技能问题的婴儿的干预措施通常集中在伸手去够外界的物体并控制它们。根据我们的发现，触摸自己的身体同样重要，探索身体是获得自我认知的途径。’）”可知，研究结果表明治疗儿童运动迟缓需要让他们与自己的身体进行互动。故选D项。]