《2025年人教金学典同步练习册同步解析与测评高中英语必修第一册》

6. Read the passage and choose the best answer to each question.
No matter where you live in the world, natural disasters are always a threat. Of course, we humans take steps, both at an individual and social level, to prepare ourselves for the possibility of natural disasters. But preparing for these events requires understanding the types of natural disasters, what causes them, and the dangers they cause.
A technical term for a period of very cold weather, a cold wave is a type of natural disaster where the temperature drops rapidly over the course of 24 hours. While cold weather in itself isn’t necessarily enough to cause a natural disaster, a rapid dropping of the temperature could lead to lots of problems for communities in a region.
Interestingly, there isn’t a precise temperature threshold (起点) that a cold wave must reach. Rather, cold waves are classified (将……分类) by how fast the temperature falls. Since what’s considered to be “cold” varies widely from region to region, local weather services will use local weather averages to determine if a weather event is actually a cold wave.
There are many reasons why a cold wave might occur. One of the most common causes of a cold wave is the arrival of a very strong high pressure system from the polar regions. Alternatively, movement in the jet streams (急流) can also drive very cold weather southward in just a matter of hours.
The primary danger of a cold wave is, indeed, the cold weather itself. This can lead to a higher risk of hypothermia (体温过低) and other cold-related injuries. Additionally, cold weather can cause ice and frost to build up quickly, damaging basic facilities. Cold waves are also particularly dangerous for aircraft and other machinery. Extreme cold can use up vehicle batteries or cause petrol to come together. So, whenever in extreme cold weather, people need to be careful.
(1) Why do people need to understand natural disasters?
A. To get rid of natural disasters.
B. To set up a professional department.
C. To do research on the weather.
D. To be prepared for its possibility.
(2) By what standard can we define a cold wave?
A. By the average temperature in winter.
B. By local climate standards.
C. By various temperatures.
D. By a precise temperature.
(3) What most likely leads to a cold wave?
A. Severe wind and sand.
B. Quickly fallen temperature.
C. A powerful pressure system from polar areas.
D. Sudden heavy rain.
(4) What’s the main idea of the text?
A. A climate disaster.
B. A way to escape natural disasters.
C. A travel guide.
D. A scientific research.

答案： 6.
(1) D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Of course, we humans take steps, both at an individual and social level, to prepare ourselves for the possibility of natural disasters. But preparing for these events requires understanding the types of natural disasters, what causes them, and the dangers they cause.”可知，人们需要了解自然灾害的原因是为可能发生的自然灾害做好准备。故选D项。
(2) B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Since what’s considered to be ‘cold’ varies widely from region to region, local weather services will use local weather averages to determine if a weather event is actually a cold wave.”可知，确定某天气事件是不是寒潮是当地气象机构依据该地气候标准来确定的。故选B项。
(3) C 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“One of the most common causes of a cold wave is the arrival of a very strong high pressure system from the polar regions.”可知，导致寒潮发生的最可能的因素是来自极地地区的非常强的高压系统。故选C项。
(4) A 主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是第一段、第二段内容可知，文章主要介绍了一种自然灾害——寒潮。故选A项。