《2026年一本密卷高考英语》

D(2025·浙江杭州·高三检测)
Surrounded by towering redwoods on one side and the Pacific Ocean on the other, the coastal city of Santa Cruz, some 70 miles south of San Francisco, is a great place for a young person to experience na-ture. That’s where Xinning Zhang, assistant professor of geosciences and the Princeton Environmental In-stitute, spent her childhood. "Growing up there, you just can’t help thinking and caring about the envi-ronment," she said. One of the environmental questions Zhang is exploring is why methane, a significant greenhouse gas, is increasing in the atmosphere.
Most of us are aware that cows release methane, but wetlands are also a major source of the gas. Wetlands host a community of microbes (微生物), including Archaea, which generate methane as a by-product when they consume and digest components of organic matter. These microbes grow in oxygen-free environments like wet soils, which typically occur in the wetlands’ deeper levels. However, researchers have been surprised to find that quite a lot of methane comes from the oxygen-rich peat (泥炭) and soil near the surface.
To explore this phenomenon, Zhang and her team analyzed peat samples collected from a wetland in the Northeast U.S. One set of samples received oxygen treatment followed by incubation (培养) under oxygen-free conditions. The other samples remained in an oxygen-free environment for the entire study period. Contrary to expectations, the oxygen-treated peats produced a higher amount of methane than the peats maintained under continuously oxygen-free conditions.
To find out why, the researchers analyzed all the microbes found in the peat samples. They found that oxygen stimulated some microbes to break down harmful chemicals, which would otherwise threaten the entire microbial community, including methane-producing Archaea. The result is the creation of far more methane than expected.
Zhang’s work suggests that oxygen variability is an important control on wetland methane produc-tion. Her team is also exploring further how oxygen variability for different lengths of time, and how dif-ferent soil chemistries influence microbial methane production.
12. What motivated Zhang to study environmental issues?
A. Her childhood experiences.
B. The adventure in nature.
C. Her educational background.
D. The pressure from fellows.
13. Why did Zhang analyze microbes in the wetland soil?
A. To examine the condition of surface soil.
B. To explore the impact of methane on microbes.
C. To study the role of oxygen in methane production.
D. To calculate the amount of methane released by cows.
14. How might the findings help reduce methane from wetlands?
A. By changing soil structures.
B. By introducing new microbes.
C. By blocking harmful chemicals.
D. By adjusting soil oxygen levels.
15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. How Does Methane Affect Climate Change?
B. What Drives Methane Production in Wetlands?
C. What Is the Link Between Oxygen and Methane?
D. How Do Wetlands Contribute to Microbial Diversity?

答案： 12.A 13.C 14.D 15.B 

第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2025·安徽马鞍山·高三检测)I have a drawer full of letters to Santa. Each year my children would write up their Christmas wish lists. They were polite requests for the latest game or toy. As the children got older, they would give Santa some hints(提示)on where to buy their presents. 16. D
Those letters taught my children a valuable lesson about writing: It has a purpose. Sometimes our purpose is to achieve something; other times it may be to entertain, inform, or persuade. 17. B And when writing doesn’t seem to have any purpose or get any kind of meaningful response, then it can be hard to get excited about doing it.
Christmas is a great time of year for children to communicate with others through writing. When chil-dren write for real audiences and real purposes, they can learn to choose their words accordingly. 18. E You write "Dear Santa" because you don’t know him personally and you want to show him respect.
19. F Texting, online messaging, live chats while playing video games all mean that they are constantly producing written messages. However, because they are usually writing to family and friends, they use informal language most of the time.
There is nothing wrong with this kind of writing. It suits the audience and the purpose and gets the job done. 20. G This type of writing won’t be rewarded by the school examiner, nor by a future employer or a potential client. The very best communicators are those who know how to adjust their lan-guage to match their audience.
A. It isn’t that these young people can’t write.
B. But it is always purposeful—or at least it should be.
C. The age of pen-and-paper letter writing may have passed.
D. As a result, each year they received something they wanted.
E. You write "Hi Nanna and Pop" because you are close to them.
F. As technology develops, young people are writing more than they ever have.
G. But if this is the only kind of writing young people do, it will cause problems.

答案： 16.D 17.B 18.E 19.F 20.G