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三、阅读理解。(每小题 2 分,共 20 分)
A
★★
When you use crayons，you can colour things any way you want. However，all crayons were black about a hundred years ago. They were used in factories and shipyards. Kids couldn't use them because they were toxic.
Then a company called Binney & Smith had an idea. They decided to make Crayola crayons for kids and teachers to use in schools. They figured out a formula(配方) that was safe，and they also decided to add colours. The first box of eight Crayola crayons included black，brown，blue，red，purple，orange，yellow and green. The box cost about five cents. The crayons were a huge hit!
Today，many companies make crayons，but Crayola is still one of the biggest. Crayola takes crayons very seriously especially when it comes to colours.
For example，Crayola has a team of chemists and chemical engineers who do nothing all day but develop new crayon colours. Their laboratory adds the unique(独特的)，secret formula to every crayon colour. They blend(混合) different colours to produce new shades(色度). Once the engineers discover a new colour they like，they test it hundreds of times to make sure it's really useful. Only then is a crayon ready for the box.
Then comes a hard part—figuring out what to name a new colour. In 1993，Crayola introduced 16 new colours to its "Big Box" of 80 crayons. Millions of kids and adults wrote in to advise on the names of the colours. Some winners were tickle me pink，timber wolf，purple mountain's majesty，tropical rain forest，granny smith apple and mauvelous. Over the years，Crayola has changed the names of some colours.
Around the globe，kids still say that red and blue are their favourite crayon colours.
( )1. The underlined word "toxic" in the passage means "_______" in Chinese.
A. 昂贵的 B. 多彩的 C. 有毒的 D. 黑色的
( )2. The second paragraph mainly tells us _______.
A. the first box of Crayola crayons B. the colours of Crayola crayons
C. a company called Binney & Smith D. the price of Crayola crayons
( )3. What do the engineers do when they discover a new colour they like?
A. They throw away all the other colours.
B. They test it many times.
C. They draw pictures with it.
D. They go out for lunch together.
( )4. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. Colourful crayons existed a thousand years ago.
B. Crayola is one of the biggest crayon companies.
C. Red and brown are kids' favourite colours.
D. The "Big Box" has sixteen crayon colours.
( )5. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Some new colour names suggested by kids. B. The colours developed by engineers.
C. The making and naming of Crayola crayons. D. What kids' favourite crayon colours are.
A
★★
When you use crayons，you can colour things any way you want. However，all crayons were black about a hundred years ago. They were used in factories and shipyards. Kids couldn't use them because they were toxic.
Then a company called Binney & Smith had an idea. They decided to make Crayola crayons for kids and teachers to use in schools. They figured out a formula(配方) that was safe，and they also decided to add colours. The first box of eight Crayola crayons included black，brown，blue，red，purple，orange，yellow and green. The box cost about five cents. The crayons were a huge hit!
Today，many companies make crayons，but Crayola is still one of the biggest. Crayola takes crayons very seriously especially when it comes to colours.
For example，Crayola has a team of chemists and chemical engineers who do nothing all day but develop new crayon colours. Their laboratory adds the unique(独特的)，secret formula to every crayon colour. They blend(混合) different colours to produce new shades(色度). Once the engineers discover a new colour they like，they test it hundreds of times to make sure it's really useful. Only then is a crayon ready for the box.
Then comes a hard part—figuring out what to name a new colour. In 1993，Crayola introduced 16 new colours to its "Big Box" of 80 crayons. Millions of kids and adults wrote in to advise on the names of the colours. Some winners were tickle me pink，timber wolf，purple mountain's majesty，tropical rain forest，granny smith apple and mauvelous. Over the years，Crayola has changed the names of some colours.
Around the globe，kids still say that red and blue are their favourite crayon colours.
( )1. The underlined word "toxic" in the passage means "_______" in Chinese.
A. 昂贵的 B. 多彩的 C. 有毒的 D. 黑色的
( )2. The second paragraph mainly tells us _______.
A. the first box of Crayola crayons B. the colours of Crayola crayons
C. a company called Binney & Smith D. the price of Crayola crayons
( )3. What do the engineers do when they discover a new colour they like?
A. They throw away all the other colours.
B. They test it many times.
C. They draw pictures with it.
D. They go out for lunch together.
( )4. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. Colourful crayons existed a thousand years ago.
B. Crayola is one of the biggest crayon companies.
C. Red and brown are kids' favourite colours.
D. The "Big Box" has sixteen crayon colours.
( )5. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Some new colour names suggested by kids. B. The colours developed by engineers.
C. The making and naming of Crayola crayons. D. What kids' favourite crayon colours are.
答案：
1. C 词义猜测题。根据下文中"They decided to make Crayola crayons for kids and teachers to use in schools. They figured out a formula that was safe ..."可知,之前的蜡笔孩子不能使用,是因为蜡笔的配方对孩子有害。结合所给选项可知，toxic 意为"有毒的"。
2. A 段落大意题。根据第二段中"Then a company called ... The first box of eight Crayola crayons included black，brown，blue，red，purple，orange，yellow and green."可知,这家公司决定制造一种能给孩子和老师使用的蜡笔,所以他们想出了一个安全的配方,在这个基础上添加了颜色,第一盒"绘儿乐"蜡笔包含了8种颜色。由此可知,本段介绍了第一盒"绘儿乐"彩色蜡笔的诞生。
3. B 细节理解题。根据第四段中"Once the engineers discover a new colour they like，they test it hundreds of times to make sure it's really useful."可知,一旦工程师发现了一种他们喜欢的新颜色,他们会进行数百次测试,来确保它真的有用。
4. B 细节理解题。根据第一段中"However，all crayons were black about a hundred years ago."可知，A 选项是错误的。根据第三段中"Today，many companies make crayons，but Crayola is still one of the biggest."可知，B 选项是正确的。根据最后一段中 kids still say that red and blue are their favourite crayon colours 可知，C 选项是错误的。根据倒数第二段中"In 1993，Crayola introduced 16 new colours to its 'Big Box' of 80 crayons."可知，D 选项是错误的。
5. C 主旨大意题。通读全文可知,本文主要讲述的是"绘儿乐"蜡笔制作和命名的过程。
2. A 段落大意题。根据第二段中"Then a company called ... The first box of eight Crayola crayons included black，brown，blue，red，purple，orange，yellow and green."可知,这家公司决定制造一种能给孩子和老师使用的蜡笔,所以他们想出了一个安全的配方,在这个基础上添加了颜色,第一盒"绘儿乐"蜡笔包含了8种颜色。由此可知,本段介绍了第一盒"绘儿乐"彩色蜡笔的诞生。
3. B 细节理解题。根据第四段中"Once the engineers discover a new colour they like，they test it hundreds of times to make sure it's really useful."可知,一旦工程师发现了一种他们喜欢的新颜色,他们会进行数百次测试,来确保它真的有用。
4. B 细节理解题。根据第一段中"However，all crayons were black about a hundred years ago."可知，A 选项是错误的。根据第三段中"Today，many companies make crayons，but Crayola is still one of the biggest."可知，B 选项是正确的。根据最后一段中 kids still say that red and blue are their favourite crayon colours 可知，C 选项是错误的。根据倒数第二段中"In 1993，Crayola introduced 16 new colours to its 'Big Box' of 80 crayons."可知，D 选项是错误的。
5. C 主旨大意题。通读全文可知,本文主要讲述的是"绘儿乐"蜡笔制作和命名的过程。
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