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B(2024·绵阳)
★★★
New research has found that wells dug by wild horses in deserts provide valuable drinking water. This helps other animals too，as black bears and American badgers have been found drinking at the wells.
A team of researchers from Australia，Denmark and the USA set up remote cameras at four desert locations in the USA. Wild horses had used their feet to dig wells as much as two metres deep at these sites，so they could reach water under dry river beds and streams. The cameras were used to watch over the sites and were set to record whenever an animal moved in front of them.
The scientists saw plenty of comings and goings by horses but they were most interested in which other animals came to drink at the wells. Over the course of three summers，beginning in 2015，the team recorded 57 kinds of other large animals visiting the wells，including wild cats and deer. The team also found that the wells offered water to desert plants.
Researcher Erick Lundgren，from Aarhus University in Denmark，described the wild horses as "natural engineers"—animals that change the environment around them. Perhaps the best known natural engineers are beavers(河狸). Beavers cut down trees with their teeth，creating space in woods where sunlight can reach smaller plants and allow them to grow. Then beavers use the wood to create dams across rivers，which help clean pollution in water and protect their homes.
More than 12,000 years ago，several kinds of horse-related animals lived in North America but they all died out. Today's wild horses develop from animals that were brought to America by humans in the past few hundred years. By digging wells that help other animals，they may be providing a similar service of natural engineering once given by their extinct relatives.
( )6. Why did the wild horses dig the wells?
A. To protect themselves. B. To help other animals.
C. To get drinking water. D. To create living space.
( )7. What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us about the study?
A. The result. B. The method. C. The purpose. D. The problem.
( )8. What can we learn about the wells?
A. They were dug with horses' teeth. B. They were found near running rivers.
C. They were four metres deep. D. They provided water for desert plants.
( )9. What can small plants get because of beavers?
A. More sunlight. B. More water. C. Less pollution. D. Less space.
( )10. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Wild horses are changing deserts. B. Wild horses are natural engineers.
C. Wild horses were brought to America. D. Wild horses were found visiting wells.
★★★
New research has found that wells dug by wild horses in deserts provide valuable drinking water. This helps other animals too，as black bears and American badgers have been found drinking at the wells.
A team of researchers from Australia，Denmark and the USA set up remote cameras at four desert locations in the USA. Wild horses had used their feet to dig wells as much as two metres deep at these sites，so they could reach water under dry river beds and streams. The cameras were used to watch over the sites and were set to record whenever an animal moved in front of them.
The scientists saw plenty of comings and goings by horses but they were most interested in which other animals came to drink at the wells. Over the course of three summers，beginning in 2015，the team recorded 57 kinds of other large animals visiting the wells，including wild cats and deer. The team also found that the wells offered water to desert plants.
Researcher Erick Lundgren，from Aarhus University in Denmark，described the wild horses as "natural engineers"—animals that change the environment around them. Perhaps the best known natural engineers are beavers(河狸). Beavers cut down trees with their teeth，creating space in woods where sunlight can reach smaller plants and allow them to grow. Then beavers use the wood to create dams across rivers，which help clean pollution in water and protect their homes.
More than 12,000 years ago，several kinds of horse-related animals lived in North America but they all died out. Today's wild horses develop from animals that were brought to America by humans in the past few hundred years. By digging wells that help other animals，they may be providing a similar service of natural engineering once given by their extinct relatives.
( )6. Why did the wild horses dig the wells?
A. To protect themselves. B. To help other animals.
C. To get drinking water. D. To create living space.
( )7. What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us about the study?
A. The result. B. The method. C. The purpose. D. The problem.
( )8. What can we learn about the wells?
A. They were dug with horses' teeth. B. They were found near running rivers.
C. They were four metres deep. D. They provided water for desert plants.
( )9. What can small plants get because of beavers?
A. More sunlight. B. More water. C. Less pollution. D. Less space.
( )10. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Wild horses are changing deserts. B. Wild horses are natural engineers.
C. Wild horses were brought to America. D. Wild horses were found visiting wells.
答案：
6. C 细节理解题。根据"Wild horses had used their feet to dig wells as much as two metres deep at these sites，so they could reach water under dry river beds and streams."可知答案。
7. B 段落大意题。根据"A team of researchers from Australia，Denmark and the USA set up remote cameras at four desert locations in the USA ... The cameras were used to watch over the sites and were set to record whenever an animal moved in front of them."可知,第二段主要介绍了这个研究的方法。
8. D 细节理解题。根据"The team also found that the wells offered water to desert plants."可知,这些井为沙漠植物提供了水源。
9. A 细节理解题。根据"Beavers cut down trees with their teeth，creating space in woods where sunlight can reach smaller plants and allow them to grow."可知,河狸用牙齿砍伐树木,在树林中创造空间,这样阳光可以照射到较小的植物,让它们生长。
10. B 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了野马在沙漠中挖掘的水井不仅为自身提供了饮用水,还为其他动物和植物提供了宝贵的水源,从而在生态系统中发挥了类似自然工程师的作用,即野马是自然工程师。
7. B 段落大意题。根据"A team of researchers from Australia，Denmark and the USA set up remote cameras at four desert locations in the USA ... The cameras were used to watch over the sites and were set to record whenever an animal moved in front of them."可知,第二段主要介绍了这个研究的方法。
8. D 细节理解题。根据"The team also found that the wells offered water to desert plants."可知,这些井为沙漠植物提供了水源。
9. A 细节理解题。根据"Beavers cut down trees with their teeth，creating space in woods where sunlight can reach smaller plants and allow them to grow."可知,河狸用牙齿砍伐树木,在树林中创造空间,这样阳光可以照射到较小的植物,让它们生长。
10. B 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了野马在沙漠中挖掘的水井不仅为自身提供了饮用水,还为其他动物和植物提供了宝贵的水源,从而在生态系统中发挥了类似自然工程师的作用,即野马是自然工程师。
四、(2024·盐城期末)任务型阅读。(每小题 2 分,共 10 分)
★★
I am a skateboarding coach. I give classes to teenagers interested in skateboarding. I also founded(创办) a skateboarding club in Beijing.
I started to learn skateboarding at 16 when I tried it with a friend. I love the sport because it is a great way to express myself. I have the freedom to develop my unique style，showing my creativity and personality through tricks and even the way I design my boards.
I hope to share my love for skateboarding with others so I founded the OBT skateboarding club in Beijing and became a skateboarding coach after graduating from college. It's not easy to start a career like this. I faced many challenges，from financial struggles(财务困境) to making my parents see that skateboarding is a promising skill to learn. But I never gave it up. Luckily，in the past few years，skateboarding has become more and more popular in China. More teenagers and parents come to my club to learn this cool sport.
The classes begin with basic skills，such as rolling，turning，stopping and balancing. But I hope kids take up skateboarding for both athletic(运动的) and personal growth. It's common for my students to fall when they practise. They need to know they will fail and fail again，but then they are going to get it. If they don't try and fail，they will never grow and learn.
I am optimistic about the future of skateboarding instructors. In the past two years，more than 6 million people have started skateboarding in China，and most of them are between 8 and 12 years old. With the increasing popularity of the sport，I believe there will be an even greater need for skateboarding coaches in the years to come.
根据短文内容,回答问题。(每题答案不超过 6 个词)
1. What does the writer consider skateboarding as? ___________
2. Why did the writer become a skateboarding coach? ___________
3. In the writer's opinion，what should kids take up skateboarding for? ___________
4. How can the students grow and learn according to the writer? ___________
5. What do you think of the writer? (请自拟一句话作答) ___________
★★
I am a skateboarding coach. I give classes to teenagers interested in skateboarding. I also founded(创办) a skateboarding club in Beijing.
I started to learn skateboarding at 16 when I tried it with a friend. I love the sport because it is a great way to express myself. I have the freedom to develop my unique style，showing my creativity and personality through tricks and even the way I design my boards.
I hope to share my love for skateboarding with others so I founded the OBT skateboarding club in Beijing and became a skateboarding coach after graduating from college. It's not easy to start a career like this. I faced many challenges，from financial struggles(财务困境) to making my parents see that skateboarding is a promising skill to learn. But I never gave it up. Luckily，in the past few years，skateboarding has become more and more popular in China. More teenagers and parents come to my club to learn this cool sport.
The classes begin with basic skills，such as rolling，turning，stopping and balancing. But I hope kids take up skateboarding for both athletic(运动的) and personal growth. It's common for my students to fall when they practise. They need to know they will fail and fail again，but then they are going to get it. If they don't try and fail，they will never grow and learn.
I am optimistic about the future of skateboarding instructors. In the past two years，more than 6 million people have started skateboarding in China，and most of them are between 8 and 12 years old. With the increasing popularity of the sport，I believe there will be an even greater need for skateboarding coaches in the years to come.
根据短文内容,回答问题。(每题答案不超过 6 个词)
1. What does the writer consider skateboarding as? ___________
2. Why did the writer become a skateboarding coach? ___________
3. In the writer's opinion，what should kids take up skateboarding for? ___________
4. How can the students grow and learn according to the writer? ___________
5. What do you think of the writer? (请自拟一句话作答) ___________
答案：
1. A great way to express himself. 2. To share his love for skateboarding. 3. For both athletic and personal growth. 4. By trying and learning from mistakes/ failure. /They should keep trying and learning. /By trying again and again. 5. He is creative and optimistic. /He is brave and optimistic. (言之有理即可)
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