《2026年学易优高考二轮总复习英语》

A
（2025·沅澧共同体高三一模）
In birds, males are often the ones having showy, colorful feathers—the better to attract females. For example, male cardinals (红雀) get bright red feathers, while females are pale brown. And the male white-necked jacobin, a tiny tropical hummingbird (蜂鸟), has a deep blue head and lively green back, whereas females are generally drab.
But not always. Researchers studying white-necked jacobins in Panama noticed that nearly 30 percent of the more than 120 females they caught between 2015 and 2019 turned out to be females that looked like males, while 2 years later over 40 percent. A study published in *Current Biology* explains why. It turns out that copying male coloration helps female white-necked jacobins avoid being disturbed from other hummingbirds while feeding.
“The bright coloration on the bird is associated with attack,” says Jay Falk, an evolutionary ecologist. “Just looking like males seems to stop bullies (霸凌),” allowing females better access to honey. Falk and his colleagues also wondered if the male-lookalike female jacobins were trying to attract mates by standing out from the drab females, or if they were competing with each other for honey. Falk and his colleagues turned to their next guess: resource competition. They found that the male-copying females appeared in front of the feeders more often and spent longer time feeding than the drab females.
With such benefits, why don't all females develop bright feathers? It not only needs more energy and time to keep the feathers, but also it's risky. Female hummingbirds are single parents, which is already energy-demanding. On top of that, “if you're brightly colored and sitting on a brown nest in a green tree, you're going to stand out,” Falk says. “It's much easier to be eaten.”
1. How does the author introduce the topic?
A. By proving data.
B. By answering a question.
C. By making comparison.
D. By describing a situation.
2. What do the numbers in Paragraph 2 suggest?
A. Protecting jacobins is becoming urgent.
B. *Current Biology* proves to be of great value.
C. Bright-feathered female jacobins are on the increase.
D. Male-lookalike female jacobins are more adaptable to the environment.
3. Why do female white-necked jacobins copy male coloration?
A. To stand out to attract mates.
B. To get more chances to survive.
C. To compete with other hummingbirds.
D. To offer more food to other hummingbirds.
4. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?
A. The disadvantages of having bright feathers.
B. The significance of developing bright feathers.
C. The correct methods of keeping the bright feathers.
D. The environment of the bright-feathered hummingbirds.

答案： 1.C 推理判断题。根据第一段“For example, male cardinals(红雀) get bright red feathers, while females are pale brown. And the male white-necked jacobin, a tiny tropical hummingbird(蜂鸟), has a deep blue head and lively green back, whereas females are generally drab.(例如，雄性红雀有鲜红色的羽毛，而雌性是浅棕色的。雄性白颈蜂鸟，一种小型热带蜂鸟，有深蓝色的头部和鲜艳的绿色背部，而雌性通常颜色单调。)”可知，作者通过比较雄性和雌性鸟类羽毛颜色的不同来引入话题。故选C项。
2.C 推理判断题。根据第二段“Researchers studying white-necked jacobins in Panama noticed that nearly 30 percent of the more than 120 females they caught between 2015 and 2019 turned out to be females that looked like males, while 2 years later over 40 percent.(在巴拿马研究白颈蜂鸟的研究人员注意到，在2015年至2019年间捕获的120多只雌性蜂鸟中，近30％的雌性看起来像雄性，而两年后这一比例超过了40％。)”可知，像雄性的雌性白颈蜂鸟的数量在增加。故选C项。
3.B 细节理解题。根据第二段“A study published in Current Biology explains why. It turns out that copying male coloration helps female white-necked jacobins avoid being disturbed from other hummingbirds while feeding.(发表在《当代生物学》上的一项研究解释了原因。事实证明，模仿雄性的颜色有助于雌性白颈蜂鸟在进食时避免受到其他蜂鸟的干扰。)”以及第三段“‘Just looking like males seems to stop bullies(霸凌者),’ allowing females better access to honey.(‘仅仅看起来像雄性似乎就能阻止霸凌者，’这让雌性有更好的机会获得蜂蜜。)”可知，雌性白颈蜂鸟模仿雄性的颜色是为了有更多生存的机会。故选B项。
4.A 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“With such benefits, why don’t all females develop bright feathers? It not only needs more energy and time to keep the feathers, but also it’s risky. Female hummingbirds are single parents, which is already energy-demanding. On top of that, ‘if you’re brightly colored and sitting on a brown nest in a green tree, you’re going to stand out,’ Falk says. ‘It’s much easier to be eaten.’(有这样的好处，为什么不是所有的雌性都长出鲜艳的羽毛呢？保持羽毛不仅需要更多的能量和时间，而且还有风险。雌性蜂鸟是单亲妈妈，这已经很耗费精力了。除此之外，‘如果你颜色鲜艳，坐在绿色树上的棕色巢穴上，你会很显眼，’福克说。‘这样更容易被吃掉。’)”可知，最后一段主要讲了拥有鲜艳羽毛的缺点。故选A项。

B
（2025·石家庄高三质检）
We can create learning moments that students remember forever if we open up our classrooms to awe and wonder.
Toward the end of my high school year, our Spanish teacher organized a trip to see an Andean band perform in Philadelphia. My classmates and I egged one another on ironically (讽刺地): Who could enjoy the show? The performers' clothing seemed odd. The instruments, strange. But then the performers kicked in, dancing to their bombo and wancara drums around the stage, and the panpipes and quena announced a kind of sound—new to us.
We had spent too little time discussing the culture of the Inca in social studies but its traditions came alive for us that evening. Once the wonderful performance lit up the stage and the hall filled up with music, my teenage cynicism disappeared. I rose out of my chair to dance with honest joy.
I have spent the last seven years living and working in South America. But my thirst for cultural exploration and a desire to understand the world outside my language and country have been alive longer than that. Sometimes I think that night dancing to those ancient rhythms unlocked this fascination. Why do I remember it so clearly decades later?
In his recent book *Awe: The New Science of Everyday Wonder and How It Can Transform Your Life*, psychology professor Dacher Keltner explains that “brief moments of awe are as good for your mind and body as anything you might do”. Besides being a memorable emotion, awe boosts curiosity, builds humility, helps with critical thinking, and makes people feel more connected. It even makes us happier. “Twenty years into teaching happiness,” Keltner writes about how to find deep happiness, “I have an answer: FIND AWE.”
Moving forward, let's do our best to build instances of awe into our curriculum (课程). So when our former students approach us on the subway years later, they will recall the magical moments from their days spent in our classes.
1. How did the students initially react to the Andean band's performance?
A. They showed respect for it.
B. They approached it with doubt.
C. They left in disappointment.
D. They felt joyful to appreciate it.
2. What does the underlined word “cynicism” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. The deep understanding of music.
B. The strong enthusiasm for exploration.
C. The negative attitude to the world.
D. The sense of connection with society.
3. What is Paragraph 5 mainly about?
A. The importance of finding happiness in life.
B. The lasting impact of a memorable experience.
C. The benefits of understanding different cultures.
D. The positive role of awe in improving one's life.
4. Who is the text intended for?
A. Teachers.
B. High school graduates.
C. Parents.
D. Psychology researchers.

答案： FIND AWE.”
Moving forward, let's do our best to build instances of awe into our curriculum (课程). So when our former students approach us on the subway years later, they will recall the magical moments from their days spent in our classes.
1. How did the students initially react to the Andean band's performance?
A. They showed respect for it.
B. They approached it with doubt.
C. They left in disappointment.
D. They felt joyful to appreciate it.
2. What does the underlined word “cynicism” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. The deep understanding of music.
B. The strong enthusiasm for exploration.
C. The negative attitude to the world.
D. The sense of connection with society.
3. What is Paragraph 5 mainly about?
A. The importance of finding happiness in life.
B. The lasting impact of a memorable experience.
C. The benefits of understanding different cultures.
D. The positive role of awe in improving one's life.
4. Who is the text intended for?
A. Teachers.
B. High school graduates.
C. Parents.
D. Psychology researchers.
answer:1.B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“My classmates and I egged one another... The instruments, strange.”可知，作者和同学们讽刺地互相怂恿：谁会喜欢这个节目？表演者的服装看起来很奇怪而且乐器也很奇怪。由其中的反问以及odd、strange可知，学生们最初对乐队的表演持怀疑态度。故选B项。
2.C 词义猜测题。画线词在主句中作主语。由主句谓语“disappeared”和下文中的“I rose out of my chair to dance with honest joy.”可推知，画线词含有贬义或负面意义。再由上文中作者和同学们一开始对表演持讥讽怀疑的态度可知，C项“对世界的消极态度”与画线词意思最为接近。
3.D 段落大意题。根据第五段中的“brief moments of awe are as good for your mind and body as anything you might do”和“awe boosts curiosity... makes us happier”可知，短暂的敬畏时刻对我们的身心和我们可能做的任何事情都有益；敬畏激发好奇心，培养谦逊，有助于培养批判性思维，让人们感觉更紧密，它甚至让我们更快乐。这些都属于敬畏在改善一个人的生活中的积极作用。故D项准确地概括了第五段的段落大意。
4.A 读者对象题。根据最后一段中的“So when our former students... their days spent in our classes.”，可以提取到关键信息“我们以前的学生”“我们的课堂”。由此可推知，本文是专为老师写的。故选A项。