《2024年试吧大考卷45分钟课时作业与单元测试卷高中英语选择性必修第一册北师大版》

I.语法填空
体裁 说明文 话题 国际生物多样性日的设立
The International Day for Biological Diversity, sometimes called World Biodiversity Day, is a United Nations holiday based on biodiversity issues. It 1. ________ (hold) on May 22 every year. The main topics 2. ________ (discuss) in the Rio Earth Summit of 1992 were the environment and sustainable (可持续的) development. Governments talked about ways 3. ________ (stop) the destruction of natural resources and protect ecosystems (生态系统). The day now focuses on the threats climate change poses to biodiversity. Experts say that solving both together will mean we have a better chance of 4. ________ (keep) the Earth's natural riches.

Biodiversity is the total 5. ________(vary) of all forms of life on our Earth. It includes not only all plant and animal species but also thousands, perhaps millions of ecosystems 6. ________ make up our natural world. 7. ________ word “biodiversity” arrived in 1985. It is a combination of the words “biological” and “diversity”. The word has grown into a very important idea we all need to understand. Respect 8. ________ biodiversity means an understanding that we must help save our environment.

Today, biodiversity is one of the world's most important 9. ________ (issue). Many say that together with climate change, damage to biodiversity is the 10. ________(big) threat to our survival.
[答题区]
1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________
4. ________ 5. ________ 6. ________
7. ________ 8. ________ 9. ________
10. ________

答案： 1. is held；2. discussed；3. to stop；4. keeping；5. variety；6. which/that；7. The；8. for；9. issues；10. biggest

II.阅读理解
A
In a time when climate change becomes a more pressing issue, we sometimes may fail to realize that individual contributions have a huge effect on the big problem. Fortunately, there are some apps which can help the environment with the click of a button.
Happy Cow(Free)
Buying and selling secondhand things is a more responsible and environmentally friendly way to consume and part of the solution to reducing the carbon emission (碳排放) of mass production. This app helps users anywhere in the world make a little extra money from things they no longer need and moreover. How good it is to find that hidden treasure at a great price!
My Footprint (Free)
Created by the World Wildlife Fund (WWF), this handy app provides you with a wealth of detail on the latest facts and information on climate change issues as well as enabling you to track your carbon footprint and see how different areas of your life contribute to this. With this knowledge, you can then take part in challenges of your choice to help reduce your footprint.
Too Good To Go (Free)
With the aim of reducing the masses of food waste from shops and restaurants, this app helps to connect users with local businesses that have unsold produce to be collected for a small part of the cost. The app is the most direct way for you to get involved—all you have to do is search, place your order and go to pick it up!
Good On You ($2.99)
This app is a must - have that gives you the power to check the influence of brands (品牌) on issues that mean most to you. With more than 3,000 brands currently listed, and the option to request others to be added in time, this is a handy source of environment - friendly shopping information.
1. Which app can record the environmental impact of your daily life?
A. Happy Cow.
B. My Footprint.
C. Too Good To Go.
D. Good On You.
2. What can Good On You be used for?
A. Collecting users' opinions about fashion.
B. Providing the latest shopping information.
C. Recommending the most fashionable brand.
D. Publicizing the brands' environmental impact.
3. What feature do the apps share?
A. They are free of charge.
B. They prevent food waste.
C. They contribute to green life.
D. They help users save money.

答案： 1. B；2. D；3. C

B
When the Audet family turn on the lights at Blue Farm, they are using electricity that comes from cows—cow manure (粪肥), to be specific.
Cows produce a lot of wastes. One cow can create 30 gallons of wastes each day. Now imagine the output of over 1,000 cows at Blue Farm. That's really a big amount.
When farmers clean their barns, they put the wastes in a big heap, and spread some of them on their fields for fertilizer. But now places like Blue Spruce Farm have a new way of using cow wastes. They use them to produce electricity.
Here's how it works: A big machine moves back and forth cleaning the barn floor. “The cows aren't bothered,” says Marie Audet. “They are animals of habit; they get used to it, and just lift one foot and then another to let it go by.”
The machine pushes the manure into a big 600 - gallon tank like a small swimming pool. The tank is called a digester (化粪池) because what happens there is just like what happens inside a cow: Bacteria get to work and continue to digest the manure.
Methane gas (甲烷、沼气) in the atmosphere is known as a “greenhouse” gas because it keeps heat just like a greenhouse does, causing our planet to warm up. That's an environmental concern. But the digester has a good result. Its gas is kept and used to power electric generators(发电机).
At Blue Farm, the generators make enough electricity to power 400 homes. The Audet family sell the extra electricity they can't use themselves.
4. What's the purpose of the Audet family using cow wastes?
A. To make electricity.
B. To produce fertilizer.
C. To build their farm.
D. To feed the cows.
5. How are the cow wastes collected into the digester at Blue Farm?
A. Marie Audet does the work.
B. The job is done by machine.
C. The cows lift the cow wastes.
D. Bacteria get to work on them.
6. According to the passage, which of the following is changed into electricity?
A. The power of moving water.
B. The heat of burning coal.
C. The power of sunlight.
D. The heat of the methane gas.
7. Which word could describe the new way of using cow wastes at Blue Farm?
A. Reducing.
B. Saving.
C. Recycling.
D. Changing.

答案： 4. A；5. B；6. D；7. C