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[厦门外国语学校 2026 届高三 9 月阶段性检测] One summer midnight, standing outside a wooden house in Michigan’s Upper Peninsula, I looked up. The sight of thousands of stars was almost enough to make me, a non-believer, offer a word of gratitude up into the star-filled sky. But to whom? Perhaps to Johan Eklöf, author of The Darkness Manifesto.
Eklöf, a bat scientist, works in the night shadows in western Sweden. His work requires an absolute kind of darkness unpolluted by light. But this category of darkness is threatened. In the 1980s, Eklöf tells readers, two-thirds of the churches in Sweden housed bats. Not any longer. “Today, this number has been reduced by a third due to light pollution, because the churches all glow brightly in the night,” he writes.
We have all noticed it when driving through any city at night. Empty places are floodlit. The night sky in New York is 1,200 times brighter than an unlit city. Citizens of some large cities, writes Eklöf, have never allowed their eyes to adapt to true night vision. But we are only now beginning to understand the effects.
Too much light is incredibly destructive to the complex ecosystems many animals inhabit. It scares away the bats that Eklöf studies; reef fish eggs go unhatched; birds forget to even sing.
So how can we deal with the too much light? In 2019, France passed laws limiting how much light can be sent into the sky. In Vienna, Austria, the city’s lights are turned off at 11 pm. Some measures, like artificial lights that do not reflect light upward, are already within our grasp. “We could just turn it all off, but I guess we don’t want to, because darkness is not safe for everyone,” said Eklöf in a recent interview. “So it’s vital that we find a middle way.”
Right now, it’s hard to know what that middle way might look like. In 50 years, every city could be lit by environmentally low-impact lights, or we might have completely forgotten what darkness is — the sky filled with little moons.
28. What do we know about Eklöf’s work?
A. It reduces light pollution.
B. It focuses on stars and sky.
C. It strengthens people’s belief.
D. It requires a specific condition.
29. What can replace the underlined “it” in meaning in paragraph 3?
A. Darkness.
B. An unlit city.
C. Floodlighting.
D. The night sky.
30. What are paragraphs 4 and 5 mainly about regarding light pollution?
A. Cause and damage.
B. Effects and solutions.
C. Consequences and disadvantages.
D. Analysis and potential.
31. What is the writer’s attitude toward lighting management?
A. Balanced.
B. Negative.
C. Unclear.
D. Conservative.
[厦门外国语学校 2026 届高三 9 月阶段性检测] One summer midnight, standing outside a wooden house in Michigan’s Upper Peninsula, I looked up. The sight of thousands of stars was almost enough to make me, a non-believer, offer a word of gratitude up into the star-filled sky. But to whom? Perhaps to Johan Eklöf, author of The Darkness Manifesto.
Eklöf, a bat scientist, works in the night shadows in western Sweden. His work requires an absolute kind of darkness unpolluted by light. But this category of darkness is threatened. In the 1980s, Eklöf tells readers, two-thirds of the churches in Sweden housed bats. Not any longer. “Today, this number has been reduced by a third due to light pollution, because the churches all glow brightly in the night,” he writes.
We have all noticed it when driving through any city at night. Empty places are floodlit. The night sky in New York is 1,200 times brighter than an unlit city. Citizens of some large cities, writes Eklöf, have never allowed their eyes to adapt to true night vision. But we are only now beginning to understand the effects.
Too much light is incredibly destructive to the complex ecosystems many animals inhabit. It scares away the bats that Eklöf studies; reef fish eggs go unhatched; birds forget to even sing.
So how can we deal with the too much light? In 2019, France passed laws limiting how much light can be sent into the sky. In Vienna, Austria, the city’s lights are turned off at 11 pm. Some measures, like artificial lights that do not reflect light upward, are already within our grasp. “We could just turn it all off, but I guess we don’t want to, because darkness is not safe for everyone,” said Eklöf in a recent interview. “So it’s vital that we find a middle way.”
Right now, it’s hard to know what that middle way might look like. In 50 years, every city could be lit by environmentally low-impact lights, or we might have completely forgotten what darkness is — the sky filled with little moons.
28. What do we know about Eklöf’s work?
A. It reduces light pollution.
B. It focuses on stars and sky.
C. It strengthens people’s belief.
D. It requires a specific condition.
29. What can replace the underlined “it” in meaning in paragraph 3?
A. Darkness.
B. An unlit city.
C. Floodlighting.
D. The night sky.
30. What are paragraphs 4 and 5 mainly about regarding light pollution?
A. Cause and damage.
B. Effects and solutions.
C. Consequences and disadvantages.
D. Analysis and potential.
31. What is the writer’s attitude toward lighting management?
A. Balanced.
B. Negative.
C. Unclear.
D. Conservative.
答案：
28.D [命题立意]考查理解具体信息的能力。
①明题意 关于Eklöf的工作我们知道什么？
A“它减少光污染”;B“它聚焦星星和天空”;C“它强化人们的信仰”;D“它需要特定条件”。
②解题 根据第二段中的“His work requires an absolute kind of darkness unpolluted by light”可知，其工作需要无光污染的黑暗环境，即需要特定条件。
✘错因分析 A项,其工作受光污染影响而非减少它;B 项,研究对象是蝙蝠而非星空;C项未提及。
29.C [命题立意]考查理解词汇的能力。
①明题意 哪个词可以替代第三段画线词“it”的含义？
A“黑暗”;B“未照明的城市”;C“泛光照明”;D“夜空”。
②解题 根据第二段中的“all glow brightly in the night”、画线词后的“Empty places are floodlit”及后文对城市过亮的描述可知，“it”指代过度照明的现象。floodlit−→Floodlighting。
30.B [命题立意]考查理解主旨要义的能力。
①明题意 第四、五段主要讨论光污染的什么方面？
A“原因和危害”;B“影响和解决方案”;C“后果和弊端”;D“分析和可能性”。
②解题 第四段论述光污染对动物的“destructive”影响,第五段提出“laws limiting how much light can be sent”“lights are turned off”等解决方案。故选B项。
✘错因分析 A项错在“原因”;C项未涵盖解决方案;D 项错在“可能性”。
31.A [命题立意]考查理解态度的能力。
①明题意 作者对灯光管理的态度是什么？
A“客观公正的”;B“消极的”;C“不明确的”;D“保守的”。
②解题 作者在倒数第二段引用Eklöf的观点“darkness is not safe for everyone”“find a middle way”,并在最后一段呈现两种未来可能(每个城市都用对环境影响小的灯来照明，或者我们可能完全忘记黑暗是什么样的)。由此可知，作者对灯光管理持客观公正的立场。
①明题意 关于Eklöf的工作我们知道什么？
A“它减少光污染”;B“它聚焦星星和天空”;C“它强化人们的信仰”;D“它需要特定条件”。
②解题 根据第二段中的“His work requires an absolute kind of darkness unpolluted by light”可知，其工作需要无光污染的黑暗环境，即需要特定条件。
✘错因分析 A项,其工作受光污染影响而非减少它;B 项,研究对象是蝙蝠而非星空;C项未提及。
29.C [命题立意]考查理解词汇的能力。
①明题意 哪个词可以替代第三段画线词“it”的含义？
A“黑暗”;B“未照明的城市”;C“泛光照明”;D“夜空”。
②解题 根据第二段中的“all glow brightly in the night”、画线词后的“Empty places are floodlit”及后文对城市过亮的描述可知，“it”指代过度照明的现象。floodlit−→Floodlighting。
30.B [命题立意]考查理解主旨要义的能力。
①明题意 第四、五段主要讨论光污染的什么方面？
A“原因和危害”;B“影响和解决方案”;C“后果和弊端”;D“分析和可能性”。
②解题 第四段论述光污染对动物的“destructive”影响,第五段提出“laws limiting how much light can be sent”“lights are turned off”等解决方案。故选B项。
✘错因分析 A项错在“原因”;C项未涵盖解决方案;D 项错在“可能性”。
31.A [命题立意]考查理解态度的能力。
①明题意 作者对灯光管理的态度是什么？
A“客观公正的”;B“消极的”;C“不明确的”;D“保守的”。
②解题 作者在倒数第二段引用Eklöf的观点“darkness is not safe for everyone”“find a middle way”,并在最后一段呈现两种未来可能(每个城市都用对环境影响小的灯来照明，或者我们可能完全忘记黑暗是什么样的)。由此可知，作者对灯光管理持客观公正的立场。
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