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第二节 ( 共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Yungang Grottoes ( 石窟) in Datong, Shanxi Province, were built during the Northern Wei Dynasty at first, and 56
Shanxi Province is home to a wealth of ancient grottoes and caves. Among them, the Yungang Grottoes are 58
Therefore, the protection of them is 60
The Yungang Research Institute, intended for this purpose as well as better safeguarding the Yungang Grottoes, 64
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Yungang Grottoes ( 石窟) in Datong, Shanxi Province, were built during the Northern Wei Dynasty at first, and 56
are
( be) part of the three great grottoes of China along with the Mogao Caves and the Longmen Grottoes. 57 ( recognize) for their extraordinary artistic and historical significance, the Yungang Grottoes were declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2001.Shanxi Province is home to a wealth of ancient grottoes and caves. Among them, the Yungang Grottoes are 58
truly
( true) incomparable. They consist of 45 major caves and more than 50,000 statues, 59which
show not only the development of ancient Chinese sculptural art but also the cultural exchanges between China and other civilizations along the ancient Silk Road.Therefore, the protection of them is 60
of
major significance to both China and the world. The fact that historical and cultural heritage is irreplaceable means the development of local 61 ( tour) should avoid excessive ( 过度的) commercialization. What’s more, more deeply 62 ( explore) the historical contents of the Yungang Grottoes can help scholars study the impact of the 63 ( fruit) exchanges between different ethnic groups, and enrich the sense of a shared community of the Chinese nation.The Yungang Research Institute, intended for this purpose as well as better safeguarding the Yungang Grottoes, 64
was established
( establish) in 2021. It emphasizes teamwork across different fields, strengthens academic research, uses innovative digital technology, 65and
activates exhibition and application efforts.
答案：
56.are 57.Recognized 58.truly 59.which 60.of 61.tourism 62.exploring 63.fruitful 64.was established 65.and
【解题导语】本文是说明文，主题语境是“人与社会”。文章介绍了山西大同云冈石窟的艺术价值、历史意义及其保护与研究现状，强调其在中外文明交流中的独特地位，并指出遗产保护的重要性。
56.are 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意:山西省大同市的云冈石窟始建于北魏时期，它们与莫高窟和龙门石窟并称为中国三大石窟。主语是The Yungang Grottoes，结合前面的were可知其为复数;陈述客观事实用一般现在时，故填are。
✘错因分析 误填were，因为受到前面的were和后面的were declared的误导。
57.Recognized 考查过去分词。句意:因其非凡的艺术与历史意义而被认可，云冈石窟于2001年被宣布为联合国教科文组织世界遗产。句中已经有谓语动词were declared，故空处应填非谓语动词作状语。recognize与主语the Yungang Grottoes为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词形式。Recognize位于句首，首字母大写。
58.truly 考查副词。句意;其中，云冈石窟确实无与伦比。此处需用副词修饰形容词incomparable，表示“真正，确实”，故填truly。
59.which 考查定语从句。句意;它们由45个主要洞窟和5万多尊雕像组成，这些雕像不仅展示了中国古代雕塑艺术的发展，也体现了中国与古代丝绸之路上其他文明之间的文化交流。拆解长难句：
They consist of 45 major caves and more than 50,000 statues，which show not only the development of ancient Chinese sculptural art but also the cultural exchanges (which...Road)，Chinese sculpture) between China and other civilizations along the ancient Silk Road.
60.of 考查介词。句意:因此，保护它们对中国乃至世界都具有重大意义。根据语境可以判断出，此处是be of(major)significance结构，意为“具有(重大)意义”，故填of。“be of+抽象名词”通常可以替换为对应的形容词，此类名词有importance、significance、value、use、benefit等。
61.tourism 考查名词。句意:历史和文化遗产是不可替代的这一事实意味着当地旅游业的发展应避免过度商业化。形容词local后需用名词作of的宾语，根据语境和空前的local可知，此处表示“当地旅游业”，应用tourism，tourism意为“旅游业”。
✘错因分析 误填tours，touring或tourist(s)，因为脱离语境仅凭语法答题。
62.exploring 考查动名词。句意:更重要的是，更深入地探索云冈石窟的历史内涵可以帮助学者研究不同民族间富有成效的交流的影响，并强化中华民族共同体意识。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少主语，空处被副词比较级more deeply修饰，因此应用动名词作主语，故填exploring。
63.fruitful 考查形容词。空处作定语修饰名词exchanges，结合语境可知，应用fruit的形容词fruitful。fruitful意为“成果丰硕的，富有成效的”。
64.was established 考查动词的时态和语态。句意:为此目标，也为了更好地保护云冈石窟，云冈研究院于2021年成立。主语The Yungang Research Institute与establish为被动关系，且根据时间状语in 2021可知，动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态was established。拆解长难句：
The Yungang Research Institute，intended for this purpose as well as better safeguarding the Yungang Grottoes，was established in 2021.
过去分词短语作定语 谓语
时间状语
65.and 考查并列连词。句意:它强调跨领域合作，强化学术研究，运用创新数字技术，并激活展览与应用行动。句中emphasizes，strengthens，uses，activates为并列谓语，需用and连接最后一项。
二次精读
【重点词汇】Para.1：artistic adj.艺术的;有艺术性的 Para.2：incomparable adj.不可比拟的，无比的 consist of(= be made up of)包含 cultural exchanges文化交流 Para.3：be of significance重要的 irreplaceable adj.不可取代的 commercialization n.商业化 a shared community共同体 Para.4：teamwork n.合作 innovative adj.创新的 activate vt.使活动，激活
【一词多义】wealth常用义:n.[U]财富;富裕 文章义:n.[U]大量,丰富(Para.2)
The new manager brings a great wealth of experience to the job.
新任经理为这项工作带来了丰富的经验。
【解题导语】本文是说明文，主题语境是“人与社会”。文章介绍了山西大同云冈石窟的艺术价值、历史意义及其保护与研究现状，强调其在中外文明交流中的独特地位，并指出遗产保护的重要性。
56.are 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意:山西省大同市的云冈石窟始建于北魏时期，它们与莫高窟和龙门石窟并称为中国三大石窟。主语是The Yungang Grottoes，结合前面的were可知其为复数;陈述客观事实用一般现在时，故填are。
✘错因分析 误填were，因为受到前面的were和后面的were declared的误导。
57.Recognized 考查过去分词。句意:因其非凡的艺术与历史意义而被认可，云冈石窟于2001年被宣布为联合国教科文组织世界遗产。句中已经有谓语动词were declared，故空处应填非谓语动词作状语。recognize与主语the Yungang Grottoes为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词形式。Recognize位于句首，首字母大写。
58.truly 考查副词。句意;其中，云冈石窟确实无与伦比。此处需用副词修饰形容词incomparable，表示“真正，确实”，故填truly。
59.which 考查定语从句。句意;它们由45个主要洞窟和5万多尊雕像组成，这些雕像不仅展示了中国古代雕塑艺术的发展，也体现了中国与古代丝绸之路上其他文明之间的文化交流。拆解长难句：
They consist of 45 major caves and more than 50,000 statues，which show not only the development of ancient Chinese sculptural art but also the cultural exchanges (which...Road)，Chinese sculpture) between China and other civilizations along the ancient Silk Road.
60.of 考查介词。句意:因此，保护它们对中国乃至世界都具有重大意义。根据语境可以判断出，此处是be of(major)significance结构，意为“具有(重大)意义”，故填of。“be of+抽象名词”通常可以替换为对应的形容词，此类名词有importance、significance、value、use、benefit等。
61.tourism 考查名词。句意:历史和文化遗产是不可替代的这一事实意味着当地旅游业的发展应避免过度商业化。形容词local后需用名词作of的宾语，根据语境和空前的local可知，此处表示“当地旅游业”，应用tourism，tourism意为“旅游业”。
✘错因分析 误填tours，touring或tourist(s)，因为脱离语境仅凭语法答题。
62.exploring 考查动名词。句意:更重要的是，更深入地探索云冈石窟的历史内涵可以帮助学者研究不同民族间富有成效的交流的影响，并强化中华民族共同体意识。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少主语，空处被副词比较级more deeply修饰，因此应用动名词作主语，故填exploring。
63.fruitful 考查形容词。空处作定语修饰名词exchanges，结合语境可知，应用fruit的形容词fruitful。fruitful意为“成果丰硕的，富有成效的”。
64.was established 考查动词的时态和语态。句意:为此目标，也为了更好地保护云冈石窟，云冈研究院于2021年成立。主语The Yungang Research Institute与establish为被动关系，且根据时间状语in 2021可知，动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态was established。拆解长难句：
The Yungang Research Institute，intended for this purpose as well as better safeguarding the Yungang Grottoes，was established in 2021.
过去分词短语作定语 谓语
时间状语
65.and 考查并列连词。句意:它强调跨领域合作，强化学术研究，运用创新数字技术，并激活展览与应用行动。句中emphasizes，strengthens，uses，activates为并列谓语，需用and连接最后一项。
二次精读
【重点词汇】Para.1：artistic adj.艺术的;有艺术性的 Para.2：incomparable adj.不可比拟的，无比的 consist of(= be made up of)包含 cultural exchanges文化交流 Para.3：be of significance重要的 irreplaceable adj.不可取代的 commercialization n.商业化 a shared community共同体 Para.4：teamwork n.合作 innovative adj.创新的 activate vt.使活动，激活
【一词多义】wealth常用义:n.[U]财富;富裕 文章义:n.[U]大量,丰富(Para.2)
The new manager brings a great wealth of experience to the job.
新任经理为这项工作带来了丰富的经验。
假定你是李华,你校英文报发起了“Upgrading Our School Canteen”活动,面向学生征集学校食堂改造方案。请你给英文报主编 Jack 写一封邮件,内容包括：
(1) 现存问题；
(2) 改造方案。
注意：
(1) 写作词数应为 80 个左右；
(2) 请按如下格式作答。
Dear Jack,
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
(1) 现存问题；
(2) 改造方案。
注意：
(1) 写作词数应为 80 个左右；
(2) 请按如下格式作答。
Dear Jack,
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
答案：
佳作展台
Dear Jack，
I’m Li Hua，a student at our school.Hearing that our school canteen is undergoing upgrades，I’m delighted to share my opinions.
Currently，the canteen lacks variety in the menu，offering almost the same dishes daily，which fails to meet the nutritional needs of growing teenagers.
Moreover，the dining hall is often too noisy for me to enjoy meals，and long queues during peak hours waste our time.To address these problems，I suggest introducing more regional cuisines to cater to diverse tastes and setting up quiet zones for students to dine in and relax in between classes.Also，opening additional service windows can greatly reduce waiting time，especially during the short lunch break.
I hope these changes will make our canteen more popular.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
Dear Jack，
I’m Li Hua，a student at our school.Hearing that our school canteen is undergoing upgrades，I’m delighted to share my opinions.
Currently，the canteen lacks variety in the menu，offering almost the same dishes daily，which fails to meet the nutritional needs of growing teenagers.
Moreover，the dining hall is often too noisy for me to enjoy meals，and long queues during peak hours waste our time.To address these problems，I suggest introducing more regional cuisines to cater to diverse tastes and setting up quiet zones for students to dine in and relax in between classes.Also，opening additional service windows can greatly reduce waiting time，especially during the short lunch break.
I hope these changes will make our canteen more popular.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
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