《2025年基础知识同步训练10分钟七年级英语上册沪教版深圳专版》

B
From far out in space, the Earth looks like a blue ball. Since water covers three-fourths of the Earth’s surface, blue is the color we see most. The continents(大洲) look brown, like small islands floating in the huge, blue sea. White clouds cover around the Earth like a light blanket(毛毯). The Earth is like a ball. It is 25,000 miles around! It would take more than a year to walk around the whole planet. A spaceship can fly around the Earth in only 90 minutes.
Even though spaceships have travelled to the Moon, people cannot visit the Moon without special suits. The Moon has no air or water. Plants and animals can’t live there either. Astronauts(宇航员) first landed on the Moon in 1969. After that, there were six more trips to the Moon. They brought back Moon rocks, which scientists are still studying. There are holes, or craters(环形山), all over the Moon’s surface. Scientists believe that meteorites(陨石) smashed into the Moon millions of years ago and formed the craters(陨石坑).
The Sun is the closest star to the Earth. A star is a hot ball of burning gas. The Sun looks very big because it is so close. But the Sun is just a medium-sized(中型的) star. Billions of far-away stars are much bigger than our Sun. The burning gases from the Sun are so hot that they warm the Earth from 93 million miles away! Even though the Sun is always shining, the night here on the Earth is dark. That’s because the Earth turns around, every 24 hours. During the day, the Earth faces the Sun. Then we see light. During the night, the Earth turns away from the Sun. Then it faces the darkness of space.
Each day we learn more about the Earth, the Moon and the Sun.
(B) 6. From outer space, the color of the Earth is blue because ______.
A. most of the Earth is covered by land B. most of the Earth is covered by water
C. the Sun’s rays make the Earth look blue D. clouds wrap around the Earth
(A) 7. What’s the meaning of the underlined word “smashed” in the second paragraph?
A. crashed B. made C. broke D. got
(C) 8. What causes daylight on the Earth?
A. The full Moon causes daylight.
B. The heat of the Sun’s rays causes daylight.
C. Daylight is caused by the Earth facing toward the Sun.
D. Daylight is caused by the Earth facing away from the Sun.
(D) 9. Which of the following sentences BEST describes the Sun?
A. The Sun is a small star.
B. The Sun is not as hot as it looks.
C. The Sun looks small because it is so far from the Earth.
D. The Sun is a ball of burning gases that gives the Earth heat and light.
(C) 10. What is the main idea of the text?
A. Plants and animals can’t live on the Moon.
B. Without the Sun, we would have no heat or light.
C. We know a lot about the Earth, Moon, and Sun, but there is still more to learn.
D. From outer space, the Earth looks tiny even though it is thousands of miles around.

答案： 6. B
7. A
8. C
9. D
10. C

译文：

从遥远的太空看，地球像一个蓝色的球。因为水覆盖了地球表面的四分之三，所以蓝色是我们看到最多的颜色。大洲看起来是棕色的，像漂浮在巨大蓝色海洋里的小岛。白色的云像轻薄的毛毯一样包裹着地球。地球的周长是25000英里！绕整个星球走一圈要花一年多的时间。而宇宙飞船绕地球飞一圈只需要90多分钟。

尽管宇宙飞船已经飞往月球，但人们不穿特殊的宇航服就不能造访月球。月球上没有空气和水，植物和动物也不能在那里生存。宇航员在1969年首次登上月球，之后又进行了六次月球之旅。他们带回了月球岩石，科学家们仍在研究这些岩石。月球表面到处都是坑，也就是环形山。科学家认为，数百万年前陨石撞击月球，形成了这些陨石坑。

太阳是离地球最近的恒星。恒星是一团炽热的燃烧气体。太阳看起来很小，因为它离地球太远了。但太阳是一颗中型恒星，数十亿颗遥远的恒星比我们的太阳大得多。太阳的燃烧气体非常热，能从9300万英里外温暖地球！尽管太阳一直在发光，但地球上的夜晚是黑暗的。这是因为地球每24小时自转一次。白天，地球面向太阳，我们就能看到光；夜晚，地球转离太阳，然后我们就处于黑暗中了。

每一天，我们都对地球、月球和太阳有了更多的了解。

6. 答案：B

句意：从外太空看，地球的颜色是蓝色，因为______。

选项含义：

A. 地球的大部分被陆地覆盖

B. 地球的大部分被水覆盖

C. 太阳光线让地球看起来是蓝色的

D. 云包裹着地球

解析：第一段第1-2行提到“Since water covers three-fourths of the Earth's surface, blue is the color we see most.”（因为水覆盖了地球表面的四分之三，所以蓝色是我们看到最多的颜色），说明地球看起来是蓝色的原因是大部分表面被水覆盖，所以选B。

7. 答案：A

句意：第二段中划线单词“smashed”的意思是什么？

选项含义：

A. 撞击

B. 制作

C. 打破

D. 得到

解析：第二段第5-6行提到“Scientists believe that meteorites smashed into the Moon millions of years ago and formed the craters.”（科学家认为，数百万年前陨石smashed到月球上，形成了陨石坑），结合常识，陨石坑是陨石撞击月球形成的，所以“smashed”在这里的意思是“撞击”，和“crashed”意思相近，选A。

8. 答案：C

句意：是什么造成了地球上的白天？

选项含义：

A. 满月造成了白天

B. 太阳光线的热量造成了白天

C. 白天是地球面向太阳造成的

D. 白天是地球背向太阳造成的

解析：第三段第6行提到“During the day, the Earth faces the Sun. Then we see light.”（白天，地球面向太阳，我们就能看到光），说明白天是地球面向太阳导致的，所以选C。

9. 答案：D

句意：下面哪个句子最能描述太阳？

选项含义：

A. 太阳是一颗小星星

B. 太阳不像看起来那么热

C. 太阳看起来小是因为它离地球太远了

D. 太阳是一团燃烧的气体球，给地球提供光和热

解析：第三段第1行提到“The Sun is the closest star to the Earth. A star is a hot ball of burning gas.”（太阳是距离地球最近的恒星。恒星是由炽热的气体构成的发光球体。），第3行提到“The burning gases from the Sun are so hot that they warm the Earth from 93 million miles away!”（太阳的燃烧气体非常热，能从9300万英里外温暖地球），同时白天地球面向太阳能看到光，说明太阳提供光和热。D选项包含了“燃烧的气体球”和“提供光和热”这两个核心特点，是最全面的描述，所以选D。

10. 答案：C

句意：这篇文章的主旨是什么？

选项含义：

A. 植物和动物不能在月球上生存

B. 没有太阳，我们就没有光和热

C. 我们对地球、月球和太阳已经了解了很多，但还有更多需要学习的

D. 从外太空看，尽管地球周长有数千英里，但看起来很小

解析：文章分别介绍了地球、月球、太阳的特点，最后一段提到“Each day we learn more about the Earth, the Moon and the Sun.”（每一天，我们都对地球、月球和太阳有了更多的了解），说明我们已经了解了一些，但还能学到更多。C选项涵盖了“已经了解很多”和“还有更多要学”这两个核心，是文章的主旨，所以选C。