《2025年成才之路高中新课程学习指导高中英语必修第三册人教版》

5. signal vt. & vi. 标志着；标明；发信号 n. 信号；标志
教材原句
In 2022, the launch of the Mengtian module signaled the basic completion of the Tiangong Space Station. (P41)
2022 年，梦天实验舱的发射标志着天宫空间站基本建成。
经典例句
(2022·全国乙卷) With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast - moving trains would be able to react in time.
凭借它们的预见能力，无人机可以就任何问题发出信号，以便快速行驶的列车可以及时做出反应。
He signalled the waiter to bring the menu.
他示意服务员把菜单拿来。
联想拓展
signal (to) sb. to do sth. 示意某人做某事
signal (sb.) that 示意(某人)……
traffic signals 交通信号
a warning signal 警告信号
即学即用
单句语法填空
①Cyclists who givesignals(signal) before turning or stopping help prevent accidents.
②After finishing his dinner, he signalledtothe waiter for the bill.
完成句子
③汤姆的老师示意他去办公室一趟。
Tom's teachersignalled him to cometo his office.
④胸部疼痛可能是心脏问题的警告信号。
Chest pains can bea warning signalof heart problems.

答案： 5.①signals ②to ③signalled him to come ④a warning signal

6. lack n. 缺乏；短缺 vt. 没有；缺乏 lacking adj. 短缺的；不足的
教材原句
Astronauts' bones and muscles can get very weak in space due to the lack of gravity...
由于缺乏重力，宇航员的骨骼和肌肉在太空中会变得非常脆弱……(P42)
经典例句
(2024·1 月浙江卷) Due to the lack of scientific proof concerning their impacts, no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud - seeding companies.
由于缺乏有关其影响的科学证据，没有人成功地赢得了对人工降雨公司的诉讼。
Despite his lack of experience, he got the job because of his honesty.
尽管缺乏经验，他仍因诚实而得到了那份工作。
联想拓展
(a) lack of... 缺乏……
no lack of 不缺乏……
be lacking in 在……方面缺乏/缺少
温馨提示：
lack 作名词时常与介词 of 连用；作动词时可用作及物动词直接加宾语(不用被动语态)，也可用作不及物动词；形容词 lacking 常与介词 in 连用。
即学即用
单句语法填空

① (lack) sufficient oxygen, the astronaut could not carry on with his mission.
②Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits andalack of exercise.
③Though Jack was lackinginexperience, he made up for it in enthusiasm.
一句多译
④由于缺乏足够的训练，我们在即将到来的比赛中很难取胜。For lack of enough training, we will have great difficulty in winning the coming match.Lacking enough training, we will have great difficulty in winning the coming match.As we lack enough training, we will have great difficulty in winning the coming match.

答案： 6.①Lacking ②a ③in ④For lack of enough training, we will have great difficulty in winning the coming match. Lacking enough training, we will have great difficulty in winning the coming match. As we lack enough training, we will have great difficulty in winning the coming match.