创新优化学案八年级英语译林版
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一、用方框中所给单词或词组的适当形式填空
far away from with environment have a chance around the world cheap
1. — Why does it take him so long to get to school?
— Because he lives ______ school.
2. What kind of school ______ are you most interested in?
3. ______ the new bridge, the students across the river can go to school more easily.
4. Thanks to the volunteers, Grandma ______ to learn how to use the smartphone.
5. More and more people are caring about the ______. They don't throw rubbish carelessly.
6. The plastic bottles are much ______, so people in some countries use them to build schools.
答案：1. far away from
解析：根据问句“为什么他花这么长时间到学校”，答句应说明原因，“far away from”表示“离……远”，符合语境。
2. around the world
解析：“What kind of school...”询问学校类型，“around the world”修饰“school”，表示“世界各地的学校”，符合逻辑。
3. With
解析：此处表示“有了新桥”，“with”有“具有，带有”的意思，句首首字母大写，所以填“With”。
4. has a chance
解析：“Thanks to the volunteers”说明结果，“have a chance to do sth.”表示“有机会做某事”，主语“Grandma”是第三人称单数，所以用“has a chance”。
5. environment
解析：根据后句“不随意扔垃圾”可知是关心“环境”，“environment”符合语境。
6. cheaper
解析：“much”修饰比较级，“cheap”的比较级是“cheaper”，表示“更便宜”，符合“用塑料瓶建学校”的原因。
二、词汇运用
1. There is much ______ (much) rain in Bangladesh than in many other countries.
2. During the ______ (rain) season, it's hard to keep things at home dry.
3. It's ______ (usual) for him to be late for school because he always gets up early.
4. What a smart way to make the model with our ______ (use) bottles!
5. Using too many ______ (塑料) bags is harmful. Let's make a change!
6. How important it is for us to take action to protect the ______ (环境)!
7. The books aren't ______ (便宜的), so most of the students here can't buy one.
答案：1. more
解析：“than”是比较级的标志，“much”的比较级是“more”。
2. rainy
解析：修饰名词“season”用形容词，“rain”的形容词是“rainy”，“rainy season”表示“雨季”。
3. unusual
解析：根据“he always gets up early”可知他迟到是“不寻常的”，“usual”的反义词是“unusual”。
4. used
解析：修饰名词“bottles”用形容词，“use”的形容词“used”表示“用过的”，符合语境。
5. plastic
解析：“塑料”对应的英文是“plastic”，“plastic bags”表示“塑料袋”。
6. environment
解析：“环境”对应的英文是“environment”，是不可数名词。
7. cheap
解析：“便宜的”对应的英文是“cheap”，在句中作表语。
三、动词填空
1. What ______ (make) the old book so valuable?
2. The boy ______ (lie) to his parents yesterday, so they were angry with him.
3. Thanks for ______ (cheer) me up when I feel down.
4. ______ (learn) a new language opens doors to different cultures.
5. When I walked past the classroom, I heard them ______ (laugh) happily.
6. My mother is patient enough ______ (help) me with English again and again.
7. What do you think is the best way of ______ (deal) with the old books?
8. Do you know how ______ (get) along well with others?
答案：1. makes
解析：句子是一般现在时，主语“what”视为第三人称单数，所以“make”用第三人称单数形式“makes”。
2. lied
解析：“yesterday”是一般过去时的标志，“lie”表示“说谎”时，过去式是“lied”。
3. cheering
解析：“Thanks for doing sth.”表示“感谢做某事”，“cheer”的动名词是“cheering”。
4. Learning
解析：此处用动名词作主语，“learn”的动名词是“Learning”，句首首字母大写。
5. laughing
解析：“hear sb. doing sth.”表示“听到某人正在做某事”，符合“走过教室时听到”的语境，所以用“laughing”。
6. to help
解析：“形容词+enough to do sth.”表示“足够……去做某事”，所以填“to help”。
7. dealing
解析：“of”是介词，后接动名词，“deal”的动名词是“dealing”。
8. to get
解析：“how to do sth.”表示“如何做某事”，作“know”的宾语，所以填“to get”。
四、完成句子
1. 修建船校是让更多的学生学习的一种很棒的方式。
Building boat schools is a great way ______.
2. 危地马拉的人们用什么建造学校？
What do ______?
3. 种更多树对环境有好处。
Planting more trees ______.
4. 很多贫困家庭的孩子没有上学的机会。
______ to go to school.
5. 选择使用过的塑料瓶子更便宜。
It's ______.
答案：1. to let more students learn
解析：“a great way to do sth.”表示“做某事的好方式”，“让更多学生学习”译为“let more students learn”，所以填“to let more students learn”。
2. people in Guatemala use to build schools
解析：“危地马拉的人们”译为“people in Guatemala”，“用”是“use”，疑问句中助动词“do”后接动词原形，所以填“people in Guatemala use to build schools”。
3. is good for the environment
解析：“对……有好处”译为“be good for”，主语“Planting more trees”是动名词短语，视为单数，所以用“is good for the environment”。
4. Many children from poor families don't have a chance
解析：“很多贫困家庭的孩子”译为“Many children from poor families”，“没有上学的机会”译为“don't have a chance to go to school”，所以填“Many children from poor families don't have a chance”。
5. cheaper to choose used plastic bottles
解析：“It's+形容词+to do sth.”表示“做某事是……的”，“更便宜”是“cheaper”，“选择使用过的塑料瓶子”译为“choose used plastic bottles”，所以填“cheaper to choose used plastic bottles”。
五、还原信息
Your schooldays should be the best time in your life. Do you know how to have a happy school life? The following ways may help.
Be active at school. Don't say things are difficult or boring. Take an interest in school. Take part in different activities actively. (1) ______ If you are not working or learning, you are wasting your time at school.
Keep healthy. If you don't eat breakfast, you will be hungry in class. If you don't have enough sleep, you will be sleepy in class. (2) ______ Exercise can make you strong.
(3) ______ Everyone fails some tests, loses some races and has bad days. Don't let small problems seem very serious. Don't forget to ask for help. You are young, and you must do everything well!
(4) ______ Don't waste time lying in bed on Saturday or Sunday morning. Go and play sports, learn to play the piano or help someone with problems. You can also read a book, practise English or help your mother with the housework.
Follow these ways, and you will have a happy school life!
A. Put up your hands in class.
B. Spend the weekends meaningfully.
C. Do you know how to make friends?
D. You should play sport every day.
E. Don't be unhappy if things sometimes go wrong.
F. I hope to have a lot of time for after-school activities.
答案：1. A
解析：本段讲“在学校要积极”，“Put up your hands in class.”（上课举手）是积极的表现，符合语境。
2. D
解析：前句讲“锻炼能让你强壮”，“You should play sport every day.”（每天做运动）承接上文，说明保持健康的方式。
3. E
解析：后句讲“每个人都会失败”，“Don't be unhappy if things sometimes go wrong.”（事情出错时不要不开心）符合语境，起承上启下作用。
4. B
解析：本段讲周末不要浪费时间，要做有意义的事，“Spend the weekends meaningfully.”（有意义地度过周末）是本段主旨句。
