《2025年凤凰新学案高中英语必修第一册译林版》

D
An economist, Adam Smith, famously wrote that “It is not from the benevolence (善意) of the butcher, the brewer or the baker, that we expect our dinner, but from their regard to their own self-interest.” Like Smith, many economists today believe one’s self-interest is what drives competition and growth in market economies. Yet, in an increasingly interconnected society, it is even more crucial to have cooperative skills. Thus, we should encourage cooperation to better prepare children for the future.
Firstly, cooperation is an especially prized soft skill in the present age. As a study proves, soft skills such as good communication and empathy (共情) better indicate outstanding employees as compared to technical skills or knowledge. In contrast, extremely competitive and individualistic behaviour may damage social relations in the community of co-workers. Even the most competent employee may fail to pursue his goals effectively without others’ help.
Moreover, encouraging cooperation boost children’s self-respect that better prepares them for the competitive world. Many modern societies are consumed by a crazy drive for success and the pressure to perform has infiltrated both classrooms and offices, causing higher rates of anxiety and depression among people. Teamwork can help an individual realize each has his or her own unique abilities and that another person’s strengths don’t discount his or her talents. Thus, cooperation can confirm children’s self-worth by correcting the insight that winning or competitive achievement is the only measure of success.
However, critics may claim that adapting to competition should be given priority in education and parenting. To achieve one’s ambitions, one has to actively fight for opportunities and distinguish oneself from others. Nevertheless, since passion can already stimulate children to fulfill their ambitions, the need to encourage competition may be diminished at the end of the day. As much as external competition can drive people to pursue excellence, internal motivation is at least equally or even more essential, and cooperation plays an important role in helping one uncover (发现) one’s motivations.
12. What can be inferred from Adam Smith’s words?
A. Our society is increasingly interconnected.
B. Our dinner is made out of their regard to markets.
C. Self-interest pushes the development of economies.
D. The butcher, the brewer or the baker is not sympathetic.
13. What does the underlined word “infiltrated” (in Paragraph 3) probably mean?
A. Brightened.
B. Decorated.
C. Defended.
D. Entered.
14. Which of the following might the writer agree with?
A. Competitive achievement is the only measure of success.
B. One’s ambitions can be achieved through cooperation.
C. Competition is not needed for people to pursue excellence.
D. Actively fighting for distinguishing oneself should be prioritized.
15. What is the writer’s purpose of writing this passage?
A. To introduce the advantages of cooperation.
B. To compare cooperation with competition.
C. To suggest enhancing competitive skills.
D. To advocate teaching children to cooperate.

答案： 12.C 推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“Like Smith, many economists today believe one's self-interest is what drives competition and growth in market economies.”可知，史密斯前面说的那句话意在说明个人利益推动经济的发展。故选C项。
13.D 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句的句意可知，infiltrated的意思是“进入”，和entered的意思相近。故选D项。
【长难句分析】Many modern societies are consumed by a crazy drive for success and
句1(表示产生结果的原因1) 并列连词
the pressure (to perform) has infiltrated both classrooms and offices，
句2(表示产生结果的原因2)
[causing higher rates of anxiety and depression among people].
现在分词短语作结果状语
译文：许多现代社会被疯狂的成功欲望所吞噬，表现的压力已经渗透到教室和办公室，导致人们的焦虑和抑郁率更高。
14.B 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句中的cooperation plays an important role in helping one uncover one's motivations可知，作者认为一个人的雄心可以通过合作来实现。故选B项。
15.D 写作意图题。通读全文可知，文章主要说明了培养合作精神对孩子的重要性。由此推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是呼吁父母鼓励他们的孩子学会合作。故选D项。