《2025年活动单导学课程高中英语选择性必修第一册译林版》

Activity 2：Read between the lines.
1. How do gut microorganisms affect our brain?
2. What good ways have scientists found to improve the immune system through microbiome transplants?
3. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?

答案： 1. Gut microorganisms can communicate with the brain. If gut microorganisms respond negatively, these gut-brain interactions sometimes result in such problems as memory loss and depression.
2. Using “good” microorganisms to replace “bad” ones and new medicines that could be used for treating serious mental illnesses, as well as relieving daily stress and anxiety.
3. Microorganisms have seemingly limitless potential and more of their secrets will be explored in the future.

Activity 3：Read beyond the lines.
1. How do you understand “microuniverse”? Why do you think the author compares the world of microorganisms to a tiny universe?
2. The author describes the big influences microorganisms have on our body and mind. What other encounters with microorganisms do we have in our daily lives?

答案： 1. Just as what is conveyed in the text, “microuniverse” is a tiny universe where microorganisms, invisible to the naked eye, exist. Just like the great universe out there, there are many mysteries to be explored and discovered. That is, scientific research is endless.
2. It is an inevitable event for every human being to interact with the environment. As a result of this fact, people always contact with microorganisms involuntarily in their daily lives and touching a single object is quite enough to let the microorganisms enter the human body. In that case, the common materials like cellphones, money, keyboards and door handles are the greatest sources of the harmful bacteria we meet in our daily lives.

Activity 4：Consolidate and feed back.
Ⅰ. Fill in appropriate words in the following sentences.
1. There’s so much going on that you can’t see with the naked eye.
2. Japanese production methods have been transplanted (transplant) into some British factories.
3. The old and new buildings blend together perfectly (perfect).
4. With a twinkle in her eyes, she described in detail one of the most extraordinary perversions that I had ever heard.
5. The tasks had to be performed (perform) in a particular sequence.
6. The lift rocked slightly, steadied (steady), and the doors opened.
7. The company is eager for a foothold in Europe.
8. Infections are more likely in those suffering from malnutrition (nutrition).
9. As children grow older, their cognitive (cognition) processes become sharper.
10. All these brightly (bright) coloured hybrids are so lovely in the garden.

答案： 1. with 2. been transplanted 3. perfectly 4. that 5. be performed 6. steadied 7. for 8. malnutrition 9. cognitive 10. brightly

Ⅱ. Fill in the blanks according to the text.
Microorganisms live with us, make up about two per cent of an 1. adult’s (adult) body mass, yet are invisible 2. to the naked eye. It 3. is estimated (estimate) that 39 trillion microorganisms live in and on our body, 4. and influence our body and mind in big 5. unexpected (expect) ways. Every day, the resident microorganisms in our body help form a strong immune system and keep us healthy. Similarly, the 6. composition (compose) of our gut microbiome plays a vital role in 7. regulating (regulate) our body weight. What’s more, microorganisms can influence certain aspects of our sleep patterns. Believe it or not, gut microorganisms affect how well the brain 8. functions (function). 9. Considering (consider) their importance, we should work hard to find out how we can take good advantage of microorganisms within the field of human health. As we believe, the invisible microuniverse is filled with endless possibilities waiting 10. to be explored (explore).

答案： 1. adult’s 2. to 3. is estimated 4. and 5. unexpected 6. composition 7. regulating 8. functions 9. Considering 10. to be explored