《2025年阳光学业评价八年级英语上册沪教版》

第二节 阅读填空(每小题 1 分,共 5 分)
It seems very natural that if you have two dollars and add two dollars to them, you have four dollars. But do you know it took man millions of years to be able to think this way? 51. ______.
In old times, when a man wanted to tell how many animals he had, he had no system of numbers to use. He put a stone or pebble into a bag for each animal. 52. ______ It may explain why the word “calculate” comes from the Latin word calculus, which means “stone”.
53. ______ People would just draw a line or tally(记录) mark for each object they wanted to count, but they had no words to tell the numbers.
The next step in the development (发展) of the number system was probably to use fingers. 54. ______ The word “digit” comes from the Latin word “digitus”. It means “finger”! And the fact that we have 10 fingers led to the general use of 10 in the system of numbers.
55. ______ It was brought to Europe during the 8th to 11th century by Arab traders. In this system all numbers are written with the ten digits 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 0. It is a decimal system, that is, it is built on the base of 10.
A. In fact, one of the most difficult things to teach children is the idea of numbers.
B. The number system we use today was invented by the Hindus in India thousands of years ago.
C. Again we have a word that goes back to this.
D. The more animals, the more stones or pebbles he had.
E. Later on, man used tally marks to count.

答案： 51.A 52.D 53.E 54.C 55.B

五、写作(共三节,满分 30 分)
第一节 用方框中的词语完成短文(每小题 1 分,共 5 分)
hesitation, promised, agreed, challenged, exactly
Once upon a time, there was a hunter who was proud of his skills. One day, he went to the mountains in search of his target. When he went into the forest, all the animals became afraid and ran away. Only the lion 56. ______ him to fight. The hunter 57. ______ and took out his arrow. He was so confident that he launched it at once without knowing 58. ______ where the correct direction was. Sadly, the arrow hit a bird in the tree. The hunter wondered what happened and looked carefully at the tree. The lion took the chance and launched an attack without 59. ______. Luckily, the lion also missed its target by inches. After the accident, the hunter never showed off his skills. He also 60. ______ not to step into the forest again.

答案： 56. challenged 57. agreed 58. exactly 59. hesitation 60. promised