《2025年知识与能力训练八年级英语上册沪教版》

1 Complete the sentences with the right forms of the following phrases.
all the time in the future change the way
take a positive attitude warn... about... in other ways
according to bring changes to
1. I got a new job this year where I am busy all the time.
2. Besides taking classes, children learn in other ways too.
3. Please change the way we evaluate (评估) our students.
4. We expect better of you in the future.
5. It's better to warn the visitors about the potential risk.
6. AI will definitely bring changes to our daily life.
7. Everything went according to the plan.
8. He always takes a positive attitude towards life.

答案： 1. all the time 2. in other ways 3. change the way 4. in the future 5. warn, about 6. bring changes to 7. according to 8. takes a positive attitude

II Comprehension: Context clues.
If you don't understand a word, you will need to look at the information around that word. This means looking at the sentences before the difficult word and the sentences after it. Another method is to look at the paragraph before and after to get a better idea of what the meaning could be. The context is the surrounding information in the text or the theme of the text.
A. Useful techniques for guessing the meaning.
1. Words that signal answers in the text: for instance, such as, a type of, like, for example, that is... Usually this is followed by a definition or a hint where you can use logic to accurately guess the meaning.
Numerous creatures, human included, are largely diurnal—that is, they like to come out during the hours of sunlight.
The word “diurnal” means ______coming out during the hours of sunlight.
2. Using opposites and synonyms.
Some words in the text show opposites such as: in contrast to, however, although, on the other hand, unlike, despite... Often this means there is an antonym or opposite phrase which helps to define unknown words.
John was infuriated when he heard that he would not be on the team, after all his hard work and effort. He had never been so angry.
The word “infuriated” means ______very angry.
B. Read each paragraph below. Then write the meaning of the underlined words.
1. Chronobiology might sound a little futuristic—like something from a science fiction novel, perhaps—but it's actually a field of study that concerns one of the oldest processes of life on this planet has ever known: short-term rhythms of time and their effect on flora (植物群) and fauna (动物群).
The word “futuristic” means ______something from a science fiction.
2. Aside from sleeping at night and waking during the day, each cycle involves many other factors such as changes in blood pressure and body temperature. Not everyone has an identical circadian rhythm (昼夜节律).
The word “identical” means ______the same.
3. Numerous creatures, humans included, are largely diurnal—that is, they like to come out during the hours of sunlight. Nocturnal animals, such as bats and possums, prefer to forage by night.
The word “nocturnal” means ______coming out at night.

答案：

A.

1.coming out during the hours of sunlight

2. very angry

B.

1.something from a science fiction

2. the same

3. coming out at night