《2025年新课堂同步训练八年级英语上册人教版》

三、阅读理解。(每小题 5 分,共 15 分)
Sperm whales live in every ocean on the planet. Their large heads help them stand out from other whales. Here are some fun facts about them.
Sperm whales have the biggest brains of all the animals on earth. Our brains weigh about 1.4 kilograms,but a sperm whale's brain can weigh up to 9 kilograms.
Sperm whales are amazing divers. These huge animals can dive to around 2,000 metres and can go over 60 minutes between breaths.
Sperm whales are the loudest animals alive. They make special high sounds to send information to one another from hundreds of kilometres away. The sounds are even louder than those made by planes. What's more,each whale makes its own sound. Scientists believe this is how they recognise(认出)one another.
Sperm whales sleep up straight near the surface of the water. It looks like they're standing in the ocean. And scientists have found that they sleep for less than two hours every day.
Ambergris(龙涎香)is a thing that forms in the stomach of a sperm whale. It is thought to protect the whale's stomach. Sperm whales release(释放)ambergris into the sea as a sweet-smelling egg-shaped ball. Ambergris is often used in fine perfumes(香水). A kilogram of it can sell for up to 50,000. ▲
Sperm whales appear in a novel. In 1820,a ship called Essex was hit by an angry 26-metre-long sperm whale. American writer Herman Melville later wrote about this event in his novel *Moby-Dick*.
Sperm whales are truly great animals. Learning about them may not be worth as much as a piece of ambergris,but it is certainly worth your while!
1. The writer develops Paragraphs 2 and 3 by ______.(C)
A. telling stories
B. showing steps
C. listing numbers
D. giving examples
2. What happened in 1820?(A)
A. A ship was hit by a sperm whale.
B. The novel *Moby-Dick* came out.
C. Scientists found how sperm whales recognised one another.
D. Scientists found sperm whales lived in every ocean on the planet.
3. What is the correct structure of the passage?(①= Paragraph 1,②= Paragraph 2,…)(B)
A. ①②/③④/⑤⑥⑦⑧
B. ①/②③④⑤⑥⑦/⑧
C. ①/②③/④⑤/⑥⑦⑧
D. ①/②/③④⑤⑥/⑦⑧

答案： 1.C 推理判断题。第二段中“Our brains weigh about 1.4 kilograms，but a sperm whale's brain can weigh up to 9 kilograms.”通过列举人类大脑和抹香鲸大脑的重量数据进行对比；第三段中“These huge animals can dive to around 2,000 metres and can go over 60 minutes between breaths.”列举了抹香鲸的潜水深度和呼吸间隔时间的数据。所以作者在第二段和第三段是通过列举数字的方式展开内容的。2.A 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“In 1820，a ship called Essex was hit by an angry 26-metre-long sperm whale.”可知，1820年，一艘名为埃塞克斯的船被一头愤怒的26米长的抹香鲸撞击。3.B 篇章结构题。第一段总述抹香鲸生活在全球各个海洋且有独特之处；第二段到第七段分别从抹香鲸的大脑、潜水能力、声音、睡眠、龙涎香等方面介绍了抹香鲸的有趣事实；第八段总结抹香鲸是非常伟大的动物，学习了解它们是值得的。所以文章结构是总—分—总，即①/②③④⑤⑥⑦/⑧。