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2025年创新设计高中英语选择性必修第一册北师大版
注：目前有些书本章节名称可能整理的还不是很完善，但都是按照顺序排列的，请同学们按照顺序仔细查找。练习册 2025年创新设计高中英语选择性必修第一册北师大版 答案主要是用来给同学们做完题方便对答案用的，请勿直接抄袭。
A
Blood may be thicker than water when it comes to human relationships and it appears that the same is true of jackdaws（寒鸦）after scientists found they readily switch friends to gain food but stick with family even at the risk of going hungry.
Alex Thornton, a professor of cognitive evolu-tion, said, "We monitor hundreds of wild jackdaws, each of which is fitted with a tiny PIT tag like the chips（芯片）used for pet cats and dogs—embedded in（嵌入）a leg ring. In this experiment we randomly divided jackdaws into two groups—A or B—and programmed a pair of automated PIT tag-detecting devices to provide worms only if individuals from the same group（AA or BB）visited together." If birds from different groups arrived together—A with B—the feeders would remain closed. Single birds would get grain, but not the more desirable worms.
Thornton said, "The idea was to find out if jackdaws could readjust their social associations. They might have friends in the wrong group. Do jackdaws ditch them and start to hang out with indi-viduals who are in the right group? The jackdaws turned out to be very strategic, quickly learning to abandon friends from the other group so they could get the best rewards. However, they made an excep-tion when it came to their close relations even if they got nothing. What we were able to do here was test the idea: can individuals keep track of the out-comes of past interactions and update their relation-ships? It turns out they can."
Thornton said jackdaws were an excellent sub-ject matter as they were clever and had dynamic so-cial networks. "You've got individuals coming and going so beyond their strong relationships, and they have lots of other associations. They are similar to human society." Michael Kings, of the University of Exeter, said. "These results help our understanding of the evolution of intelligence as they show that be-ing able to track and remember information about social partners can bring benefits."
1. Which of the following matters most for jackdaws according to the experiment?
[A] Their family.
[B] Avoiding going hungry.
[C] Staying away from risks.
[D] Their friends.
2. What can be learned about the jackdaws in the ex-periment?
[A] Jackdaws on their own got worms.
[B] Jackdaws with their family got grain.
[C] Jackdaws from the same group got worms.
[D] Jackdaws from different groups got grain.
3. What does the underlined word "ditch" in para-graph 3 probably mean?
[A] Reward.
[B] Abandon.
[C] Destroy.
[D] Believe.
4. What is the purpose of the last paragraph?
[A] To encourage further research.
[B] To give possible reasons for the results.
[C] To explain the significance of the research.
[D] To summarize the findings of the experiment.
Blood may be thicker than water when it comes to human relationships and it appears that the same is true of jackdaws（寒鸦）after scientists found they readily switch friends to gain food but stick with family even at the risk of going hungry.
Alex Thornton, a professor of cognitive evolu-tion, said, "We monitor hundreds of wild jackdaws, each of which is fitted with a tiny PIT tag like the chips（芯片）used for pet cats and dogs—embedded in（嵌入）a leg ring. In this experiment we randomly divided jackdaws into two groups—A or B—and programmed a pair of automated PIT tag-detecting devices to provide worms only if individuals from the same group（AA or BB）visited together." If birds from different groups arrived together—A with B—the feeders would remain closed. Single birds would get grain, but not the more desirable worms.
Thornton said, "The idea was to find out if jackdaws could readjust their social associations. They might have friends in the wrong group. Do jackdaws ditch them and start to hang out with indi-viduals who are in the right group? The jackdaws turned out to be very strategic, quickly learning to abandon friends from the other group so they could get the best rewards. However, they made an excep-tion when it came to their close relations even if they got nothing. What we were able to do here was test the idea: can individuals keep track of the out-comes of past interactions and update their relation-ships? It turns out they can."
Thornton said jackdaws were an excellent sub-ject matter as they were clever and had dynamic so-cial networks. "You've got individuals coming and going so beyond their strong relationships, and they have lots of other associations. They are similar to human society." Michael Kings, of the University of Exeter, said. "These results help our understanding of the evolution of intelligence as they show that be-ing able to track and remember information about social partners can bring benefits."
1. Which of the following matters most for jackdaws according to the experiment?
[A] Their family.
[B] Avoiding going hungry.
[C] Staying away from risks.
[D] Their friends.
2. What can be learned about the jackdaws in the ex-periment?
[A] Jackdaws on their own got worms.
[B] Jackdaws with their family got grain.
[C] Jackdaws from the same group got worms.
[D] Jackdaws from different groups got grain.
3. What does the underlined word "ditch" in para-graph 3 probably mean?
[A] Reward.
[B] Abandon.
[C] Destroy.
[D] Believe.
4. What is the purpose of the last paragraph?
[A] To encourage further research.
[B] To give possible reasons for the results.
[C] To explain the significance of the research.
[D] To summarize the findings of the experiment.
答案：
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一项研究寒鸦社交行为的科学实验，科学家试图通过寒鸦的行为逻辑更好地理解生物认知与智力进化。
1.A [细节理解题。根据第一段“Blood may be thicker than water...they readily switch friends to gain food but stick with family even at the risk of going hungry.”可知，对寒鸦来说最重要的是他们的家庭，故选A项。]
2.C [细节理解题。根据第二段“In this experiment we randomly divided jackdaws...only if individuals from the same group (AA or BB) visited together.”可知，来自同一组的寒鸦得到了虫子，故选C项。]
3.B [词义猜测题。根据第三段画线词后“them and start to hang out with individuals who...from the other group so they could get the best rewards.”可知，此处问“寒鸦会抛弃它们，开始和正确群体里的个体交往吗？”此处的ditch意为“抛弃”，故选B项。]
4.C [写作目的题。根据最后一段中“These results help our understanding of the evolution of intelligence...can bring bene-fits.(这些结果有助于我们理解智力的进化，因为它们表明能够追踪和记忆社交伙伴的信息可以带来好处。)”可知，该段落的目的是解释研究的意义，故选C项。
1.A [细节理解题。根据第一段“Blood may be thicker than water...they readily switch friends to gain food but stick with family even at the risk of going hungry.”可知，对寒鸦来说最重要的是他们的家庭，故选A项。]
2.C [细节理解题。根据第二段“In this experiment we randomly divided jackdaws...only if individuals from the same group (AA or BB) visited together.”可知，来自同一组的寒鸦得到了虫子，故选C项。]
3.B [词义猜测题。根据第三段画线词后“them and start to hang out with individuals who...from the other group so they could get the best rewards.”可知，此处问“寒鸦会抛弃它们，开始和正确群体里的个体交往吗？”此处的ditch意为“抛弃”，故选B项。]
4.C [写作目的题。根据最后一段中“These results help our understanding of the evolution of intelligence...can bring bene-fits.(这些结果有助于我们理解智力的进化，因为它们表明能够追踪和记忆社交伙伴的信息可以带来好处。)”可知，该段落的目的是解释研究的意义，故选C项。
B
Andrew McCarthy stars roles in era-defining movies such as Pretty in Pink, St. Elmo's Fire and Less Than Zero. But he is also an award-winning travel writer whose books include The Longest Way Home (2012) and Walking with Sam (2021). In the new book, he looks back on an epic adventure, where he walked 500 miles across Spain's Camino de San-tiago with his 19-year-old son, Sam.
McCarthy had hoped the trip would be a way to re-examine their evolving relationship, as Sam was just stepping into his own manhood. "I wanted to get to know my son. Not just in the parent-child, dominant-submissive or unruly roles, but as adults, as equals, as peers(同龄人)," he said. "The Camino gave me the greatest luxury you have with adult children—which is time." For McCarthy it was a chance to spend time with Sam, and perhaps avoid repeating the history he had with his own father. "My relationship with my dad ended pretty much when I left home at 17 years old, and I didn't want that to happen with my kids," McCarthy said.
The book's structure follows the path of the Camino, with a chapter per day over the course.
It creates a pleasant rhythm of the trail. It also establishes a gradual sense of community and friendship among the other walkers they encounter, and paints a clear picture of McCarthy as somebody extremely in touch with his feelings.
Sometimes physical togetherness and shared experiences are the most you can ask for in a rela-tionship, and there are lovely examples of both here. In one scene McCarthy realizes Sam is suffer-ing from a sugar crash, and offers him a protein bar he's been saving for just such a moment. "I reach out and rub his shoulder," McCarthy writes. "He nods softly, gratefully. We sit together as thousands upon thousands of dandelion puffs(蒲公英)float in the air like dancing diamonds." Walking with Sam captures this encouraging and hopeful expedition as the pair walk across the country and towards one another.
5. What do we know about Walking with Sam ac-cording to paragraph 1?
[A] A fantasy novel.
[B] A travel memoir.
[C] A prize-winning diary entry.
[D] An era-defining movie.
6. Why did McCarthy start the adventure?
[A] To honor his father.
[B] To help his son fly the nest.
[C] To bond with his son.
[D] To seek for writing inspiration.
7. McCarthy develops Walking with Sam by
[A] comparison and contrast
[B] cause and effect
[C] facts and opinions
[D] sequence of events
8. What does the author think of Walking with Sam?
[A] Plain but functional.
[B] Inspiring and touching.
[C] Brief but informative.
[D] Humorous and straightforward.
Andrew McCarthy stars roles in era-defining movies such as Pretty in Pink, St. Elmo's Fire and Less Than Zero. But he is also an award-winning travel writer whose books include The Longest Way Home (2012) and Walking with Sam (2021). In the new book, he looks back on an epic adventure, where he walked 500 miles across Spain's Camino de San-tiago with his 19-year-old son, Sam.
McCarthy had hoped the trip would be a way to re-examine their evolving relationship, as Sam was just stepping into his own manhood. "I wanted to get to know my son. Not just in the parent-child, dominant-submissive or unruly roles, but as adults, as equals, as peers(同龄人)," he said. "The Camino gave me the greatest luxury you have with adult children—which is time." For McCarthy it was a chance to spend time with Sam, and perhaps avoid repeating the history he had with his own father. "My relationship with my dad ended pretty much when I left home at 17 years old, and I didn't want that to happen with my kids," McCarthy said.
The book's structure follows the path of the Camino, with a chapter per day over the course.
It creates a pleasant rhythm of the trail. It also establishes a gradual sense of community and friendship among the other walkers they encounter, and paints a clear picture of McCarthy as somebody extremely in touch with his feelings.
Sometimes physical togetherness and shared experiences are the most you can ask for in a rela-tionship, and there are lovely examples of both here. In one scene McCarthy realizes Sam is suffer-ing from a sugar crash, and offers him a protein bar he's been saving for just such a moment. "I reach out and rub his shoulder," McCarthy writes. "He nods softly, gratefully. We sit together as thousands upon thousands of dandelion puffs(蒲公英)float in the air like dancing diamonds." Walking with Sam captures this encouraging and hopeful expedition as the pair walk across the country and towards one another.
5. What do we know about Walking with Sam ac-cording to paragraph 1?
[A] A fantasy novel.
[B] A travel memoir.
[C] A prize-winning diary entry.
[D] An era-defining movie.
6. Why did McCarthy start the adventure?
[A] To honor his father.
[B] To help his son fly the nest.
[C] To bond with his son.
[D] To seek for writing inspiration.
7. McCarthy develops Walking with Sam by
sequence of events
.[A] comparison and contrast
[B] cause and effect
[C] facts and opinions
[D] sequence of events
8. What does the author think of Walking with Sam?
[A] Plain but functional.
[B] Inspiring and touching.
[C] Brief but informative.
[D] Humorous and straightforward.
答案：
5.B [推理判断题。根据第一段可知，《与萨姆同行》这本书是由曾作为旅行作家获奖的Andrew McCarthy所写，内容应与旅行相关，可能是一本旅行回忆录，故选B项。]
6.C [细节理解题。根据第二段可知，McCarthy开始这段冒险是为了与他的儿子建立联系，作为成年人、平等的伙伴来了解彼此，故选C项。]
7.D [细节理解题。根据第三段“The book’s structure follows the path of the Camino, with a chapter per day over the course.”可知，《与萨姆同行》一书按照他们在Camino de Santiago行走的路线编写，每一天作为一个章节，这是按照事件发生的顺序来展开叙述的，故选D项。]
8.B [推理判断题。根据文章内容，特别是最后一段“Walking with Sam captures this encouraging and hopeful expedition as the pair walk across the country and towards one another.可知，作者认为这本书是鼓舞人心且感人的，故选B项。]
6.C [细节理解题。根据第二段可知，McCarthy开始这段冒险是为了与他的儿子建立联系，作为成年人、平等的伙伴来了解彼此，故选C项。]
7.D [细节理解题。根据第三段“The book’s structure follows the path of the Camino, with a chapter per day over the course.”可知，《与萨姆同行》一书按照他们在Camino de Santiago行走的路线编写，每一天作为一个章节，这是按照事件发生的顺序来展开叙述的，故选D项。]
8.B [推理判断题。根据文章内容，特别是最后一段“Walking with Sam captures this encouraging and hopeful expedition as the pair walk across the country and towards one another.可知，作者认为这本书是鼓舞人心且感人的，故选B项。]
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