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As winter comes, hands can easily get cold. Thick gloves might be a good choice, but sometimes wearing them is inconvenient. However, this was not a problem for ancient Chinese people, who had a fine tool to warm their hands: hand warmers.
There is one folk story about its invention. Emperor Yang from the Sui Dynasty visited Jiangsu in winter. Because of the cold, a local official asked craftsmen(工匠) to make a small warmer for the emperor that could be held in his hands. So, the hand warmer was created.
By the Song Dynasty, the warmers had become popular among the common people. Skills for producing the tool were widely used in the Ming and Qing dynasties. Many poets from this period kept a record of people using hand warmers.
In the early days, copper(铜) was generally used in the production process. It was more suitable than silver, iron and porcelain because it could transfer(传导) heat better, while reducing the risk of breakage or corrosion(腐蚀). Inside a hand warmer, there were coals, some of which were mixed with flowers, giving off a nice smell when burned.
Ancient hand warmers had different designs. Round, square and octagonal(八边形的) shapes were typical, and there were also some fashionable shapes that looked like pumpkins, flowers and turtle shells. The patterns on the warmers would usually be animals or symbols with good meanings, such as deer, flowers or the Chinese characters for long life.
根据短文内容,完成下列各题。
11. The hand warmer was a tool ancient Chinese people used to ______ their hands.
12. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, many poets ______ people using hand warmers.
13. Copper was a better ______ for making hand warmers than silver, iron and porcelain.
14. There were coals ______ a hand warmer, and some coals were mixed with flowers.
15. Ancient hand warmers had different designs, not the ______ shape.
As winter comes, hands can easily get cold. Thick gloves might be a good choice, but sometimes wearing them is inconvenient. However, this was not a problem for ancient Chinese people, who had a fine tool to warm their hands: hand warmers.
There is one folk story about its invention. Emperor Yang from the Sui Dynasty visited Jiangsu in winter. Because of the cold, a local official asked craftsmen(工匠) to make a small warmer for the emperor that could be held in his hands. So, the hand warmer was created.
By the Song Dynasty, the warmers had become popular among the common people. Skills for producing the tool were widely used in the Ming and Qing dynasties. Many poets from this period kept a record of people using hand warmers.
In the early days, copper(铜) was generally used in the production process. It was more suitable than silver, iron and porcelain because it could transfer(传导) heat better, while reducing the risk of breakage or corrosion(腐蚀). Inside a hand warmer, there were coals, some of which were mixed with flowers, giving off a nice smell when burned.
Ancient hand warmers had different designs. Round, square and octagonal(八边形的) shapes were typical, and there were also some fashionable shapes that looked like pumpkins, flowers and turtle shells. The patterns on the warmers would usually be animals or symbols with good meanings, such as deer, flowers or the Chinese characters for long life.
根据短文内容,完成下列各题。
11. The hand warmer was a tool ancient Chinese people used to ______ their hands.
warm
12. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, many poets ______ people using hand warmers.
recorded
13. Copper was a better ______ for making hand warmers than silver, iron and porcelain.
materials
14. There were coals ______ a hand warmer, and some coals were mixed with flowers.
inside
15. Ancient hand warmers had different designs, not the ______ shape.
same
答案：
11. warm 12. recorded 13. materials 14. inside 15. same
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