《2025年双基过关堂堂练八年级化学沪教版五四制》

三、计量仪器
1. 称量固体的质量用到的仪器是电子天平,初中化学实验一般可以用最小分度值为0.1g的电子天平。称量时,①将电子天平水平放置在桌面上,打开电源,待自检结束,显示“0.0”；②取一张称量纸(具有腐蚀性、潮湿或易潮解的固体应放在洁净干燥的小烧杯或表面皿内称量)放置在电子天平的秤盘上,再按去皮键进行去皮,待电子天平示数稳定后读取示数；③所有称量操作完成后,关闭电子天平的电源。
2. 实验室量取一定体积的液体需要用到的仪器是量筒。操作时,可手持量筒略倾斜或将量筒平放于桌面,向量筒中倒入液体到接近刻度,再改用胶头滴管滴加。读取量筒刻度时,量筒应该放平稳,视线要与量筒内凹液面最低处保持水平,视线观察到的刻度就是液体的体积。

答案： 1. 电子天平；0.1；称量纸；小烧杯；表面皿；去皮；2. 量筒；胶头滴管；放平稳；凹液面最低处；

1. 准确量取8mL水,用到的仪器是········································································································(B)
A.50mL量筒
B.10mL量筒、滴管
C.电子天平
D.5mL量筒、滴管

答案： B

2. 以下实验操作或做法中正确的是····································································································(A)
A.用纸槽往试管里送入粉末状药品
B.用手把金属颗粒(块)投入竖直放置的试管中
C.实验室有的药品,如食盐可以尝味道
D.为了节约,用后剩余的药品要放回原瓶

答案： A

3. 某学生测定的数据合理的是········································································································(B)
A.用100mL量筒量取7.5mL液体
B.用电子天平称得食盐15.6g
C.用烧杯量取200.0mL盐酸
D.用体温计测得体温为36.52℃

答案： B