答案：1. Importance of family
5. individual-oriented
2. Respect for elders
6. under one roof
3. Marriage
7. families
8. persons
4. Parenting style
9. parents'
10. move out
解析：1. 根据短文“Importance of family”部分，对比中西方家庭在重要性方面的差异，此处应填该差异类别“Importance of family”。
5. 由“family values of most Western people are individual-oriented”可知西方是个人主义导向，填“individual-oriented”。
2. 短文“Respect for elders”部分阐述了中西方在敬老方面的不同，此空为差异类别“Respect for elders”。
6. 原文提到“The situation of four generations living under one roof in China is very common”，故填“under one roof”。
3. “Marriage”部分介绍了婚姻观念的差异，填“Marriage”。
7. 中国婚姻观是“a matter between two families”，填“families”。
8. 西方婚姻观是“a matter between two persons”，填“persons”。
4. “Parenting style”部分讲的是教养方式差异，填“Parenting style”。
9. 中国父母“tend to make decisions for them”，是父母做决定，填“parents'”。
10. 西方孩子“move out when they reach the age of 18”，填“move out”。
*Thinking（开放性问题，示例如下）
1. I prefer the Western parenting style. Because it allows children to be more independent and have more freedom to make their own decisions, which helps them grow up quickly and adapt to society better.
2. For example, we should greet elders when we meet them, help elders with housework, listen to elders' advice patiently, and respect elders' living habits.
3. The most important family values cherished by my family are filial piety, honesty and mutual respect. Filial piety means we should respect and care for our parents and elders; honesty helps us build good relationships with others; mutual respect makes our family harmonious.