基本句型       结      构             例            句

there

肯定句     there be +主+其它  There is a map on the wall.

                             墙上有张地图。

be

否定句     there be + not +主+  There is not a map on the wall.

           其它              墙上没有地图。

结构

一般疑问句 be + there +主+其  Is there a map on the wall?

           它                墙上有地图吗？

肯定与否定                   Yes ,there is . No, there isn’t.

回答                          是的，有    不，没有

特殊疑问   特殊疑问词+ be +  ―How many maps are there on the wall?

句及回答   there +主+其它       墙上有多少张地图？

                            ―There are two. 有两张

注1：

There be 句型也可以由其它动词代替be，常用的词有seem to be , happen to be ,appear to be, used to be 等词组或用live, come, stand, lie, occur, exist, flow等动词。

There seems to be much hope of our team beating theirs.

好象我们队很有希望打败他们队。

Only there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea.

从前有一位老渔夫住在海边的一个村子里。

注2：

There be 之后如有几个并列主语时，用is或用are要取决于第一个主语是单数还有复数，单数用is,复数则用are.

There is a pen, a pencil and two books on the desk.

桌上有一支钢笔，一支铅笔和两本书。

There are two books, a pen and a pencil on the desk.

桌上有两本书，一支钢笔和一支铅笔。

【专项训练】

it的用法

1、“Do you like fish?”“Yes, I like         .”

       A．×                  B．it             C．that                D．them

 2、         today?

       A．How is it                      B．What is it     C．What is it like          D．How is the weather.

 3、“Do you want a watch?”“         .”

       A．Yes, I want it .              B．Yes, I want one.   C．No, I’ve got it.              D．No, I’ve got the watch.

 4、“Whose exercise-book is that?”     “        hers”

       A．That is                  B．This is            C．It’s                D．Its

 5、      won’t take long to get to Shanghai by air.

       A．That                      B．He                 C．It                   D．This

 6、What he has done helps us a lot,           ?

       A．isn’t he                 B．doesn’t he      C．isn’t it           D．doesn’t it

 7、We all thought       no use doing that.

       A．it                          B．that                C．this                D．there

 8、I took it for granted        you would come to our party.

       A．when                    B．why                C．for what         D．that

 9、How happy      to be able to study and live together with you!

       A．that will be           B．is it                 C．will it be         D．it will be

 10、I thought it to be         .

       A．him                       B．he                   C．its                  D．she

11、        very foolish of you to say so.

       A．It’s                       B．Its                  C．That’s            D．This

12、It’s not his habit      for things.

       A．asks                      B．ask                 C．to ask             D．asked

13、It has been a great honour       coming to visit me.

       A．they                      B．you                C．she                 D．he

14、I found        to hear what he said.

       A．that difficulty               B．it difficulty     C．that difficult                D．it difficult

15、He is fifty , but doesn’t         

       A．look at it              B．look for it    C．look it           D．look him

16、It was       who telephoned me yesterday.

       A．him                B．his                         C．himself                  D．he

17、The sentence      is wrong.

       A．its                  B．it                           C．itself               D．it’s

18、           is no doubt that he will succeed in his experiment.

       A．It                   B．This                C．That               D．There

19、It seems        John’s not coming after all.

       A．this                B．that                C．if                    D．to

20、      was a handbag that John gave Mary at Christmas.

       A．It                   B．This                C．That               D．Such

21、Was      the room       the famous writer had ever lived in?

       A．that, it           B．it , that           C．it , where        D．that, which

22、        is said that he has been to many places in the United States.

       A．This               B．He                 C．It                   D．That

23、What      you want me to do?

       A．it is                B．that                C．is this             D．is it that

24、Is      not important who will go?

       A．it                    B．that                C．this                D．×

25、Why is it       everyone thinks he’s a thief?

       A．because          B．as                   C．when              D．that

26、          being Sunday, the library was closed.

       A．What             B．It                   C．That               D．This

27、Is         believed       he is ill?

       A．it, that           B．he, that          C．it, if               D．he, for

28、         is known to us       Mary dances best.

       A．She, ×          B．It, that           C．It, she            D．She, who

29、“What’s this?”“       a flag.”

       A．This is           B．That’s             C．It’s                D．Its

30、Jack is ill. Have you heard about         ?

       A．him                B．it                   C．this                D．that

There be 结构

31、Is      a typewriter in the room?

       A．he                  B．there                     C．it                   D．has

32、There’s no one in the house, is           ?

       A．it                   B．he                         C．there              D．they

33、         must be something wrong.

       A．It                   B．He                        C．There             D．They

34、           there anyone around?

       A．Was                B．Were                     C．There             D．Has

35、        used to be a church round the corner.

       A．Here        B．There                    C．It                   D．It is

36、It is reported that        is going to be a storm.

       A．it                   B．there                     C．×                  D．the weather

37、There        still a lot of work to be done before the house is ready for occupation.

       A．are                B．were               C．is                   D．have

38、There is a girl        for the bus.

       A．to wait           B．waiting                  C．waited            D．wait

39、There         a pine tree at the top of the hill.

       A．stands            B．lies                        C．lives               D．has

40、       will be a good film on at the Rex next week.

       A．There             B．It                          C．That               D．This

改错,下列每句所给的选项中，各有一项是错的，请指出并改正。  

41、He is certain that the secretary will be there.
     A      B   C               D

42、I think that a good idea to get up early.

              A      B       C      D

43、It makes me feel sad that see you.

              A       B    C   D

44、Do you find it very dull live here?

         A     B     C     D

45、It is no use to cry over spilt milk.

          A B     C    D

46、There it must have been a mistake.

          A  B  C     D

47、There is going to have an English party at the weekend.

                     A      B                 C  D

48、Is there any one who waiting to see me ?

         A      B          C      D

49、There have a man sitting beyond that fence.

                     A       B     C    D

50、It was a car ready for us.

        A  B         C   D

【答案】：

1、B             2、D             3、B             4、C             5、C             6、D            

7、A             8、D             9、D             10、A           11、A            12、C   

13、B            14、D           15、C           16、D           17、C           18、A

19、B            20、A           21、B            22、C           23、D           24、A

25、D           26、B            27、A           28、B            29、C           30、B

31、B            32、C           33、C           34、A           35、B            36、B

37、C           38、B            39、A           40、A          

41、A  He－it                   42、B  that－it                 43、C  that－to

44、D  live前加to            45、C  to cry－crying       46、B  it 去掉

47、B  have－be        48、C  who后加is 或把who去掉

49、A  have－is               50、A  It －There

十一、交     际 英 语

知识要点：

一、Greeting（问候）

1、Good morning! (afternoon, evening)

2、Hello! (Hi)

3、How do you do?

4、How are you?

5、How are you getting on with your studies?

6、How's everything with you?

7、Did you have a nice holiday? (summer vacation)

二、Introduction（介绍）
A．Introduction:

1、 This is my friend, Tom..

2、Let me introuduce you to my friend, Tom.

3、May I introduce myself? I'm Tom.

4、Please allow me to introduce my friend, Tom.

5、I'd like you to meet my friend Tom.

B．Responses:

1、How do you do? Pleased to meet you. (Glad to meet you. Nice to meet you.)

2、It's my pleasure to have this chance to meet you.

三、Farewells（告别）

A．Farewells:

1、It's getting late. I must be going.

2、It's five o'clock already. I must be off now.

3、Oh, God, it's late, I've got to go.

4、It's time I was going, I'm afraid.

5、I think I must go now.

6、I think I'd better leave.

7、I'm glad to have met you.

B．Responses:

1、Come again whenever you are free.

2、If you pass my home, drop in.

3、Good night, have a nice dream.

4、Can't you stay a little longer?

5、I hope we'll meet again sometime.

A．Asking the way:

1、Can you tell me the way to the post office?

2、Is this the way to the post office?

3、Excuse me, how can I get to the post office?

4、Which is the nearest way to the post office?

5、Is the post office far from here?

6、How long will it take me to get to the post office?

7、Excuse me, is there a post office near here?

8、Excuse me, does this bus go to the post office?

B．Responses:

1、Go ahead till you come to the next crossing.

2、No, it's not far from here. It's only about ten minutes' walk.

3、It's about 200 yards down the street.

4、Take Bus No. 3 and it will take you right there.

5、Go down the street and take the second turning on the left.

五、Asking for Time and Date（询问时间与日期）

A．Asking:

1、What time is it now?

2、What's the time by your watch?

3、What day is it today?

4、What is the date today?

5、Is your watch correct?

B．Responses:

1、It's ten.

2、It's Wednesday.

3、It's October, 8th.