1.规则变化:

　 　①.一般直接在名词后加-s, 如: desks, maps, bags, days, houses, faces

　 　②.以字母s, sh, ch, x结尾的名词后加-es, 如: buses, brushes, watches, boxes

　 　③.以字母f 或fe结尾的名词构成复数形式时, 把f / fe改为v, 再加-es, 如: lives, leaves, shelves, knives, wives, thieves, 但roofs, chiefs, gulfs, beliefs, proofs等例外

　 　④.以-o结尾的名词的复数多数加-es, 如: heroes, potatoes, tomatoes, Negroes等, 少数加-s, 如: zoos, radios, studios, photos, pianos, bamboos, tobaccos, videos, kilos等

　 　⑤.以辅音字母+ y结尾的名词, 要把y改为i, 再加-es, 如: factories, babies, countries