《2025年系统集成新课程同步导学练测高中英语必修第二册》

10. duty n. 责任，义务；上班，值班；职责；税
【归纳拓展】
have a duty to do sth. 有义务做某事
do one's duty 尽自己的责任
on/off duty 值班(值勤)/下班(不值勤)
It's one's duty to do sth. 做某事是某人的责任。
take duty to do sth. 有责任去做某事
He who does his duty is worthy of being praised.
凡是忠于职守的人都值得奖励。
Local councilors have a duty to serve the community.
地方议员有义务为社区服务。
Report for duty at 8 a. m.
早上 8 点钟报到上班。
It is our duty to try to cut back on production and reduce the number of things we make and buy.
我们有责任努力削减生产，减少制造和购买的东西的数量。
Import duties still average 30%.
进口关税平均仍为 30%。
【活学活用】
根据汉语意思完成句子
①把这件事报告给警方是我的责任。
It is my duty to report it to the police.
②你的职责将包括建立一个新的计算机系统。
Your duties will include setting up a new computer system.
③你什么时候下班？
What time do you go off duty?
④职员必须到他们平常的岗位报到上班。
Staff must report for duty at their normal place of work.

答案： 10.①It is my duty ②Your duties ③go off duty ④for duty

1. have sth. done 让……被做
Della had her hair cut off and sold it for twenty dollars.
黛拉把头发剪掉，以 20 美元的价格卖了。
【归纳拓展】
(1)have sth. done 结构有三种含义：
{请别人做某事
{使某事被做，强调被动意义
{主语遭遇到某种不幸的事
(2)①have sb./sth. do sth. 让某人做某事，不带 to 的不定式作宾补，不定式所表示的动作由 have 的宾语发出。
②have sb./sth. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事或让某种情况一直发生，现在分词短语作宾补，现在分词所表示的动作由 have 的宾语发出。
③have sth. to do sth. 有某事要做，不定式作后置定语，不定式所表示的动作由主语发出，不定式虽为主动形式，但表示被动意义。
④have sth. to be done 有事要(他人)做，不定式的被动式作定语，do 所表示的动作不是由主语发出的。
I'll have my watch repaired.
我将找人修表。
Daniel has his arms crossed and looks upset.
丹尼尔双臂抱在胸前，看起来很不高兴。
I had my watch stolen last night.
昨晚我的手表被偷了。
Please have some of the students clean the dining hall.
请找几个学生打扫一下餐厅。
The story had us laughing all the time.
这个故事让我们笑个不停。
I can't go with you. I have a lot of homework to do.
我不能跟你们去。我还有很多作业要做。
【活学活用】
单句语法填空
①Would you like to have your writing published(publish)in this magazine?
②I will have all my friends come(come)over this weekend.
③Don't have the baby crying(cry)! So, you'd better have your car running slowly.

答案： 1.①published ②come ③crying