《2025年全效学习同步学练测八年级英语上册外研版合肥专版》

Ⅵ. 短文阅读
Today, doctors understand how to stop germs(病菌) from spreading through actions like covering coughs and washing hands. However, in the past, even medical professionals didn't know how illnesses spread. They even tried many ways to avoid getting sick, like dressing as birds.
In 1619, French doctor Charles de Lorme designed a special uniform for plague(瘟疫) treatment. It included a long coat, gloves, boots, a hat, and a stick to avoid touching patients. The most special part was a bird-like mask with a 15 cm beak(鸟嘴). Glass-covered eye holes and nostril(鼻孔) openings completed the mask.
At that time, doctors believed plague spread through “bad air”, particularly smelly air. They filled the mask's beak with flowers to stop breathing bad air. Unfortunately, this approach(途径) failed. Germs often travelled through the air, and the flowers couldn't stop them. Many doctors still fell ill via the mask's nostril holes.
Some forms of plague only spread through certain animals such as mice. The doctors' uniform helped to protect them from this danger. However, largely the coat, gloves, boots and hat did the job, not the bird mask.
(B)1. Why was there a stick in the special uniform?
A. To win patients' trust.
B. To avoid touching patients.
C. To follow a special tradition.
D. To drive away mice with germs.
(B)2. What did doctors believe caused the plague in the 17th century?
A. Dirty clothing.
B. Bad-smelling air.
C. Germs carried by mice.
D. Direct contact with patients.
(D)3. Which part of Charles de Lorme's uniform likely provided real protection?
A. The bird-like mask.
B. The flowers in the beak.
C. The glass-covered eye holes.
D. The coat, gloves, boots and hat.
(D)4. What is the main purpose of the text?
A. To explain modern methods of preventing germ spread.
B. To encourage doctors to use bird-like masks in modern uniforms.
C. To compare the ways to stop germs from spreading.
D. To introduce the wrong way people used to try for disease protection.

答案： Ⅵ.1.B 2.B 3.D 4.D