《2025年一遍过英语必修第一册外研版》

阅读理解
A
主题语境：人与自然 语篇类型：说明文 难度：难 建议用时：8分钟
        The crested ibis(朱鹮) is known as a beauty bird or fairy bird in China. They have existed for over 60 million years and were widespread in China, North Korea, Japan and Russia until the 1960s when the widespread use of fertilizers(肥料) and loss of habitat drove the birds to near extinction. At one point, the entire species around the world was considered to be down to seven birds.
        However, Liu Yinzeng, then a researcher at the Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, refused to accept what seemed to be the birds' destiny. Liu, then in his mid - 40s, headed a team setting out in 1978 to search for crested ibises in the wild in China. His team searched through mountainous areas in nine provinces over three years, yet all in vain. Eventually, in May 1981, a breakthrough came. The team found two adult crested ibises in Yang County in Shaanxi province. A week later, two other adult crested ibises with three chicks were found nesting in a tree at a farm in the same area.
       Steps were taken to ensure the birds were not disturbed, with people stationed 24/7 near the tree to prevent attacks by other animals. Farmers were also banned(禁止) from using chemicals at the nearby farm for fear of harming the birds. A ban was also placed on firing guns in case it frightened the birds away.
The area where the birds were firstly found became the site of the first crested ibis conservation(保护) station in China and 19 chicks were born from 1981 until 1990. A breeding program for the birds was later started in the 1990s and crested ibises began to nest in Zhejiang, Sichuan and Henan provinces. Today, some fifty years later, the number of crested ibises in China has reached more than 3,000 in Yang County alone, according to Xinhua.
1. What can we learn about the crested ibises from the first paragraph?
A. They used to be globally widespread.
B. They are the most beautiful birds in China.
C. They are seen as a highly endangered species now.
D. Their number reduced sharply due to human activities.
2. What does the underlined phrase "in vain" mean in paragraph 2?
A. By chance. B. In effect. C. Without success. D. Beyond control.
3. How were the crested ibises protected after they were found in the wild?
A. Guns were banned to avoid bird - hunting.
B. People guarded them near the tree day and night.
C. A breeding program for them was started at once.
D. They were raised in another new conservation area.
4. Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A. How Chinese Scientists Found Crested Ibises
B. The Price China Paid for Protecting Wildlife
C. How China Saved Crested Ibises from Extinction
D. China's Efforts to Achieve Human - Nature Harmony

答案： A
【解题导语】本文介绍了中国科学院专家们拯救濒危的朱鹮免于灭绝的过程以及朱鹮的现状。
【熟词生义】
单词“station”常用义为n. 车站，文章义为vt. (使)站岗,派往,安置在，例句：I want to get off at the next station. 我要在下一站下车；A security guard was stationed near the door. 近门处有一名保安站岗。
【核心词汇】habitat n. (动物的)栖息地 extinction n. 灭绝,绝种 species n. (动植物的)物种 set out出发,动身,启程 breakthrough n. 突破 for fear of唯恐,以免(发生危险)
1. D 考查细节理解。根据第一段最后两句可知,由于人类大面积使用肥料以及朱鹮栖息地的丧失,它几乎灭绝。由此可知,D项表述正确。
2. C 考查词义猜测。根据画线短语前的yet可知,此处表示转折关系。上文讲刘荫增带领的团队在三年的时间里搜寻了九个省份的山区,付出了很大的努力,yet表示转折,说明搜寻工作毫无所获,故选C项。in vain"徒劳,无结果"。
3. B 考查细节理解。根据第三段第一句可知,朱鹮在野生环境中被发现后,研究人员采取措施确保朱鹮不被打扰,派人在朱鹮筑巢的树附近每天24小时、每周七天驻扎,以防止朱鹮被其他动物攻击,由此可知,B项表述正确。
【趣味小知识】文中的24/7,从字面来看,表示一天二十四小时,一星期七天,表达很形象。这确实是英语中的地道表达,也可写作twenty - four seven,用以表示"全天候"。
4. C 考查标题判断。本文第一段讲述了朱鹮从曾经的广泛分布到几近灭绝,说明了保护朱鹮的紧迫性;第二段和第三段介绍了中科院专家寻找并为保护朱鹮免于灭绝所采取的具体措施。最后一段描述了朱鹮的生存现状。综上可知,C项"How China Saved Crested Ibises from Extinction(中国是如何拯救朱鹮免于灭绝的)"最适合作文章标题。

B
主题语境：人与自然 语篇类型：说明文 难度：难 建议用时：8分钟
        (人与自然|新高考4年8考)A team of scientists is studying the sound of the forest in Ecuador to learn how artificial intelligence (AI) can follow animal life in recovering environments.
         When scientists want to measure new forest growth, they can study large areas of land with tools like satellites. But understanding how fast and in what numbers wildlife is returning to an area is more difficult. Sometimes it requires an expert to listen to all sound recordings and pick out animal calls.
          Jörg Müller, an expert on birds, wondered if there was a different way. So, he turned to bioacoustics (生物声学), which uses sound to learn more about animal life and their living environments. Müller and his team recorded wildlife sounds in Ecuador. First, they had experts listen to the recordings and list the sounds of different animals. Then, they examined the sound quality to measure the environments. Finally, they ran two weeks of recordings through an AI computer program trained to understand 75 different bird calls.
The program was able to pick out the calls on which it was trained. However, scientists wondered if the program could correctly identify the number of different kinds of plants and animals in each environment. To see if the program could do that, the team used two different controls. One was from the experts who listened to the recordings, and the second was based on examples from each environment, which could be used to understand biodiversity (生物多样性).
         Since the number of sounds used to train was limited, the AI program could only identify one - fourth of the bird calls experts could. But it was still able to correctly measure biodiversity levels in each environment, the study said. It also said the results showed the AI program was a powerful tool to measure the recovery of animal societies in some forests. The study showed that biodiversity found from recordings could be measured in a cost - effective and complete way and measure environments.
         There are still areas for improvement, including the lack of animal sounds on which AI models are trained. And the method can only capture animals that use sound to communicate.
5. What does the study focus on?
A. Studying plant growth. B. Observing birds' behaviour.
C. Using AI to track animal life. D. Understanding AI's effect on wildlife.
6. What method did the team use to learn about wildlife in Ecuador?
A. Bioacoustics. B. Satellite recording.
C. Sound recording by AI. D. Direct observation by experts.
7. What did the AI program prove to be useful for?
A. Identifying plant species. B. Tracking weather change.
C. Measuring biodiversity levels. D. Identifying all the bird calls.
8. What improvement is needed in this study?
A. Measuring more bird environments.
B. Catching animals that use sound to communicate.
C. Training the program on a wider variety of sounds.
D. Having experts study more and understand bird calls.

答案： B
【解题导语】文章主要介绍了科学家研究厄瓜多尔的森林的声音以了解人工智能如何跟踪处于恢复期环境中的动物生活。
【熟词生义】
单词“control”常用义为v. 控制,掌管,支配 n. (对国家、地区、机构等的)管理权,控制权;限制,限定,约束，例句：The area remains under international control. 该地区仍在国际控制之下；文章义为n. 对照标准;(检验工作方法的)参照实验，例句：The study showed that women with the disease have had fewer children than the controls. 研究表明,患有这种疾病的女性比对照组生育的孩子少。
【核心词汇】recording n. (音乐、声音或影像的)录制品 pick out认出来,辨别出 wonder v. 想知道 identify vt. 确定,发现;认出,识别(某人或某物) recovery n. 恢复,复苏;康复,痊愈 cost - effective adj. 有最佳利润的,有成本效益的,划算的 lack n. 缺乏,匮乏,短缺 vt. 没有,缺乏,不足,短缺
5. C 考查细节理解。根据第一段内容"A team of scientists is... to learn how artificial intelligence (AI) can follow animal life in recovering environments"可知,这项研究的重点是利用人工智能来追踪动物的生活。故选C项。
6. A 考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"So, he turned to bioacoustics(生物声学), which uses sound to learn more about animal life and their living environments"可知,这个团队用生物声学来了解厄瓜多尔的野生动物。故选A项。
7. C 考查细节理解。根据第五段中的"But it was still able to correctly measure biodiversity levels in each environment, the study said"可知,该人工智能程序被证明对测量生物多样性水平有用。故选C项。
8. C 考查推理判断。根据最后一段内容可知,该研究缺乏用于训练人工智能模型的动物声音。故可推知该研究需要更多种类的声音来训练该程序。故选C项。