《2025年一遍过英语必修第一册外研版》

一、语法填空
主题语境：人与自然 语篇类型：说明文 难度：中 建议用时：7 分钟
         课文改编 It is well known that a variety of animals migrate from one place to another to find food，a partner or warmer weather，among 1.__________ is the monarch butterfly. From a 2.__________（science）research paper about the monarch butterfly’s 3.__________（migrate），people get to know that millions of them begin a long and tough journey every autumn. They manage to travel some 4,000 kilometres south. They determine which way 4.__________（fly）by telling the time of day and judging the position of the sun with their eyes. 5.__________（eventual）they reach the ideal destination — California or Mexico.
          However，scientists have found that they are in serious trouble. Their population 6.__________（go）down by as much as ninety per cent in the past few years. Human activities do the most damage 7.__________ the natural environment such as cutting down trees，using 8.__________（chemical）to kill plants that monarch caterpillars eat and so on. As 9.__________ result，they are endangered. Therefore，10.__________（have）a better understanding of the monarch butterfly’s behaviour can contribute to a greater awareness and appreciation of the creature. People have been working together to increase the number of monarch butterflies and hope that the monarch butterfly can keep its place in the natural world for a long time to come.

答案： 1. which 考查定语从句。此处是"介词 + 关系代词"引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为"a variety of animals"，指物，故填which。
2. scientific 考查形容词。根据空前的冠词a和空后的名词词组research paper可知，此处应用形容词作定语。
3. migration 考查词形转换。根据语境以及空前的monarch butterfly’s可知，此处应填名词。
4. to fly 考查非谓语动词。此处为"特殊疑问词 + 动词不定式"结构作determine的宾语，故填to fly。
5. Eventually 考查副词。此处应用副词作状语，修饰整个句子。
6. has/have gone 考查时态和主谓一致。根据句中的时间状语"in the past few years"可知，此处应用现在完成时。population表示"人口，人口数量"作主语时，谓语动词用单数或复数皆可。
7. to 考查介词。do damage to... 意为"对……造成损害"，是固定搭配。
8. chemicals 考查名词复数。chemical作名词时是可数名词，此处表泛指，其前没有限定词，故填chemicals。
9. a 考查冠词。as a result意为"结果"。
10. having 考查非谓语动词。空处作主语，且表示抽象的、一般的行为，故应用动名词作主语。have a better understanding of... "对……有更好的理解"。

二、七选五
主题语境：人与自然 语篇类型：说明文 难度：中 建议用时：7 分钟
        Scientists have been surprised and impressed with the long - distance travel of a bird recently. A common cuckoo（布谷鸟）flew from southern Africa to Mongolia.
         Onon is a common cuckoo. It’s one of 5 cuckoos that were tagged（给……加标签）in the summer of 2019 in Mongolia，far to the north of China. 1.__________ However，scientists weren’t sure that cuckoos from Mongolia flew to Africa for the winter.
          In June，2019，scientists attached tiny trackers（跟踪器）to five cuckoos. 2.__________ Sure enough，Onon spent the winter in southern Africa — in Zambia.
3.__________ " It is one of the longest animal migrations that have been recorded for a land bird，" said Chris Hewson，one of the project’s lead scientists.
At times，Onon stopped for a few hours or a few days. But some of the long periods，like crossing the Indian          Ocean，had to be done without stopping. 4.__________ The birds have to travel through strong winds and storms，make sure they have enough to eat，and avoid being eaten.
          Luckily，cuckoos seem to have a good sense of weather patterns，allowing them to fatten up as much as possible right before they leave. They also seem to be good at finding helpful winds that allow them to travel long distances without getting too tired. 5.__________ Onon is the only one of the five tagged cuckoos that made it all the way back to Mongolia.
A. All of them grew well.
B. Cuckoos originally came from Africa.
C. Long migrations like this are dangerous.
D. Still，flying such long distances isn’t easy.
E. They broke previous records of animal migrations.
F. Long migrations are common among seabirds，but cuckoos are land birds.
G. These trackers allowed scientists to follow the movements of the birds on a map.

答案： 1. B 根据空后的"However, scientists weren’t... Africa for the winter"可知，布谷鸟与非洲有一定的关系。B项符合文意。originally"原先，起初"。
2. G 联系上下文内容可知，科学家可以依据跟踪器追踪到这些鸟的活动。空前的trackers也是提示。故选G。
3. F 空处为段首句，引出下文。根据空后的"It is one of the longest... for a land bird"可知，F项符合文意。
4. C 根据空后的"The birds have to... and avoid being eaten"可知，长途迁徙对于鸟类来说是危险的，故C项符合文意。
5. D 上文讲布谷鸟善于利用风来避免在长途飞行中过于疲惫。下文讲仅有Onon布谷鸟顺利飞回了蒙古地区。由此可推知，空处前后表示转折，实际上远距离飞行对布谷鸟来说并不容易。D项符合文意。

三、阅读理解
主题语境：人与自然 语篇类型：说明文 难度：中 建议用时：7 分钟
       高考真题同源 The veery，a small songbird only weighing about 30 grams，will migrate thousands of miles south — from North America，across the ocean，to South America in summer. No doubt it’s a perilous journey. Some of those birds may never make it if a hurricane（飓风）happens.
But a study published in the journal Scientific Reports in 2018 showed that when the veeries begin to leave the north is closely related to the coming of the Atlantic hurricane season. The little birds try not to be destroyed by the possible hurricanes. " During bad years，the birds would shorten their breeding（繁殖）season in the north and head down to South America earlier than usual. In this way，most of the birds survived. It makes sense that they have figured it out somehow，" says Christopher Heckscher，an ecologist at Delaware State University.
           Exactly，how the veeries " predict" hurricane seasons may partly result from small changes in regular，global cycles like El Niño and La Niña events. During El Niño years，the ocean water is warmer than average，and those same ocean temperatures produce winds that more effectively weaken hurricanes，bringing down the number of hurricanes. The little birds are usually smart enough to sense this and make a wise decision to migrate. With these changes，rainfall in veery habitat may differ. When more rain falls，more fruit，which is a major food in the veeries’ diet，could be available. This change in diet may help the veery return to North America in better shape and also enjoy a longer breeding season back home.
           Heckscher says although it’s too early to determine what the birds are predicting for future Atlantic hurricane seasons，veeries have been just as good，and in one case better than meteorological（气象的）models of predicting hurricanes.
1. What does the underlined word " perilous" in paragraph 1 mean?
A. Dangerous.
B. Unfamiliar.
C. Comfortable.
D. Pleasant.
2. What have scientists discovered about the veery migration?
A. It brings climate change.
B. It explains why hurricanes happen.
C. It often occurs later than other migrant birds’.
D. It is influenced by the possible hurricane season.
3. What may happen to veeries during El Niño years?
A. They seek for more food.
B. They meet more hurricanes.
C. They don’t fly back to the north.
D. They become stronger for breeding.
4. Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Veeries：Beating Climate Models
B. Veeries：Natural Predictors of Hurricanes
C. El Niño：Destroying Veeries’ Migration
D. Christopher Heckscher：A Famous Ecologist

答案：
1. A 考查词义猜测。根据"weighing about 30 grams"和画线词后的"Some of those birds may never make it if a hurricane(飓风) happens"可知，飓风对于这些重量很轻的鸟儿来说很危险，从而推知画线词的意思是"危险的"。故选A项。
2. D 考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"But a study published in the journal... by the possible hurricanes"可知，2018年发表在《科学报告》期刊上的一项研究表明，棕色夜鸫开始离开北方的时间与大西洋飓风季节的到来密切相关。这些小鸟努力不被可能到来的飓风摧毁。由此可知，棕色夜鸫的迁徙会受到飓风季节的影响。故选D项。
3. D 考查推理判断。根据第三段内容可知，在厄尔尼诺年，海水温度比平均温度高，产生的风更有效地削弱了飓风，减少了飓风的数量。由于这些变化，棕色夜鸫栖息地的降雨量可能会有所不同。雨水越多，水果就越多，水果是这些鸟儿的主要食物。这种饮食上的改变可能会帮助棕色夜鸫以更好的健康状况返回北美洲，也可以享受更长的繁殖季节。由此可推知，在厄尔尼诺年，棕色夜鸫变得更强壮，有利于其繁殖。故选D项。
4. B 考查标题判断。快速串线法：
第一段 引出话题：一种叫棕色夜鸫、体重约30克的小鸣禽在夏天从北美洲向南迁徙到达南美洲。
第二段 一项研究表明，棕色夜鸫开始离开北方的时间与大西洋飓风季节的到来密切相关。
第三段 棕色夜鸫"预测"飓风季节的能力可能部分源于气候的微小变化，因为在厄尔尼诺年，棕色夜鸫会根据气候变化作出明智的迁徙决定。
第四段 虽然现在确定棕色夜鸫对未来大西洋飓风季节的预测还为时过早，但在预测飓风方面，它们的预测效果还不错，在某种情况下甚至比气象模型更好。
总结：本文介绍了一种叫棕色夜鸫的小鸣禽，它们会在夏天从北美洲向南迁徙到达南美洲，并且它们可以预测飓风，避免在飓风季节迁徙。B项"棕色夜鸫：飓风的自然预测器"符合文章主题。