《2025年一遍过英语必修第一册外研版》

一、阅读理解
         ［2023全国甲卷·D］Grizzly bears, which may grow to about 2.5m long and weigh over 400kg, occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche — we revere(敬畏) them even as they give us frightening dreams. Ask the tourists from around the world that flood into Yellowstone National Park what they most hope to see, and their answer is often the same: a grizzly bear.
         "Grizzly bears are re - occupying large areas of their former range," says bear biologist Chris Servheen. As grizzly bears expand their range into places where they haven't been seen in a century or more, they're increasingly being sighted by humans.
           The western half of the U.S. was full of grizzlies when Europeans came, with a rough number of 50,000 or more living alongside Native Americans. By the early 1970s, after centuries of cruel and continuous hunting by settlers, 600 to 800 grizzlies remained on a mere 2 percent of their former range in the Northern Rockies. In 1975, grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act.
        Today, there are about 2,000 or more grizzly bears in the U.S. Their recovery has been so successful that the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to de - list grizzlies, which would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted. Both efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from conservation groups. For now, grizzlies remain listed.
         Obviously, if precautions(预防) aren't taken, grizzlies can become troublesome, sometimes killing farm animals or walking through yards in search of food. If people remove food and attractants from their yards and campsites, grizzlies will typically pass by without trouble. Putting electric fencing around chicken houses and other farm animal quarters is also highly effective at getting grizzlies away. "Our hope is to have a clean, attractant - free place where bears can pass through without learning bad habits," says James Jonkel, longtime biologist who manages bears in and around Missoula.

1. How do Americans look at grizzlies?
A. They cause mixed feelings in people.
B. They should be kept in national parks.
C. They are of high scientific value.
D. They are a symbol of American culture.

2. What has helped the increase of the grizzly population?
A. The European settlers’ behavior.
B. The expansion of bears’ range.
C. The protection by law since 1975.
D. The support of Native Americans.

3. What has stopped the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service from de - listing grizzlies?
A. The opposition of conservation groups.
B. The successful comeback of grizzlies.
C. The voice of the biologists.
D. The local farmers’ advocates.

4. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. Food should be provided for grizzlies.
B. People can live in harmony with grizzlies.
C. A special path should be built for grizzlies.
D. Technology can be introduced to protect grizzlies.

答案： 语篇类型:说明文　主题语境:人与自然—动物保护—美国灰熊生存环境和状况
[解题导语]　本文主要讲述了美国灰熊从多变少的发展过程，和在法律的保护下，灰熊数量增长，并探讨了针对灰熊的应对保护方案。
[长难句解读]　Ask the tourists from around the world that flood into Yellowstone National Park what they most hope to see, and their answer is often the same: a grizzly bear. (Para. 1)
定语从句，从句修饰tourists；宾语从句，作Ask的宾语
译文:问问世界各地涌入黄石国家公园的游客他们最希望看到什么，他们的答案往往是一样的:灰熊。
1. A　理解具体信息。根据第一段的"Grizzly bears...occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche(灰熊在美国人心中占据了一个矛盾的角落)"和”we revere (敬畏)them...a grizzly bear"可知,人们对灰熊既怕又爱。由此可见，人们对它们的感情很复杂，故A项正确。
2. C　推断。根据第三段的"In 1975, grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act(1975年,灰熊被列入《美国濒危动物法案》中)"和第四段的"Today, there are about 2,000 or more grizzly bears in the U.S. (如今，美国大约有2000或更多头灰熊)"可以推断，灰熊数量增长与1975年以来的法律保护息息相关，故C项正确。
3. A　理解具体信息。根据题干的"the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service from de - listing grizzlies"可以迅速锁定第四段。根据第四段的"Both efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from conservation groups(由于来自保护组织的诉讼，这两次尝试都被推翻了)"可知，动物保护组织的反对阻止了美国鱼类及野生动物管理局将灰熊从《美国濒危动物法案》中除名，故A项正确。
4. B　推断。根据最后一段的"If people remove food and attractants...is also highly effective at getting grizzlies away(如果人们把食物和引诱剂从他们的院子和营地拿走，灰熊经过时通常会平安无事。在鸡舍和其他农场动物住所周围安装电围栏对赶走灰熊也非常有效)"可以推断，人类可以和灰熊和谐共处，故B项正确。