《2024年5年高考3年模拟高二英语选择性必修第一册人教版》

实战演练　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　随着科学技术的进步,人工智能技术在生活多个领域被广泛应用,请以“ShouldWe
Advocate Artificial Intelligence?”为题写一篇议论文,并包含如下内容:
　　1.人工智能技术使人们生活更加便利;
　　2.人工智能机器人可帮助人类完成危险工作;
　　3.人工智能技术的弊端;
　　4.阐述自己的观点。
注意:1.词数80左右;2.标题和开头已给出，不计入总词数;3.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考词汇:人脸识别facial recognition
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Should We Advocate Artificial Intelligence?
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Nowadays,　with the development of technology,artificial intellligence is becoming more and more popular.______________________

答案： It is universally acknowledged that AI plays an important role. On the one hand, with robots undertaking dangerous and demanding jobs and facial recognition coming into being, AI makes our lives much more convenient and safer. On the other hand, in some industries, it will be more difficult for people to get jobs to make a living.
　　Personally, there is no doubt that AI makes a big difference to our life in some ways, but it also has some weaknesses. Only when we make good use of it can it bring us great benefits.

A machine can now not only beat you at chess, it can also outperform you in debate. Last week, Project Debater beat its human opponents.

Brilliant though it is, Project Debater has some weaknesses. It takes sentences from its library of documents and pre - built arguments and strings them together. This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make. Such wrinkles will no doubt be ironed out, yet they also point to a fundamental problem. As Kristian Hammond, professor of electrical engineering and computer science at Northwestern University, put it: “There's never a stage at which the system knows what it's talking about.”
A machine can now not only beat you at chess, it can also outperform you in debate. Last week, a program called Project Debater beat its human opponents.

Brilliant though it is, Project Debater has some weaknesses. It takes sentences from its library of documents and pre - built arguments and strings them together. This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make. Such wrinkles will no doubt be ironed out, yet they also point to a fundamental problem. As Kristian Hammond, professor of electrical engineering and computer science at Northwestern University, put it: “There's never a stage at which the system knows what it's talking about.”

What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning, and meaning is central to what distinguishes the least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines. A computer works with symbols. Its program specifies a set of rules to transform one string of symbols into another. But it does not specify what those symbols mean. Indeed, to a computer, meaning is irrelevant. Humans, in thinking, talking, reading and writing, also work with symbols. But for humans, meaning is everything. When we communicate, we communicate meaning. What matters is not just the outside of a string of symbols, but the inside too, not just how they are arranged but what they mean.

Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not of computation, interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads. The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations. It is this that distinguishes humans from machines. And that's why, however astonishing Project Debater may seem, the tradition that began with Socrates and Confucius will not end with artificial intelligence.

1. Why does the author mention Noa Ovadia in the first paragraph?
　
A. To explain the use of a software program.
　
B. To show the cleverness of Project Debater.
　
C. To introduce the designer of Project Debater.
　
D. To emphasize the fairness of the competition.
2. What does the underlined word “wrinkles” in paragraph 2 refer to?
　
A. Arguments.　　　　B. Doubts.　　　　　　C. Errors.　　　　　　　D. Differences.
3. What is Project Debater unable to do according to Hammond?
　
A. Create rules.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　B. Comprehend meaning.
　
C. Talk fluently.　　　　　　　　　　　　　D. Identify difficult words.
4. What can we learn from the last paragraph?
　
A. Social interaction is key to understanding symbols.
　
B. The human brain has potential yet to be developed.
　
C. Ancient philosophers set good examples for debaters.
　
D. Artificial intelligence ensures humans a bright future.

答案： 1.B　推理判断题。根据第一段第二句中的“a software program called Project Debater beat its human opponents, including Noa Ovadia, Israel's former national debating champion”可知，一个名为Project Debater的软件程序击败了它的人类对手，其中包括以色列前全国辩论冠军Noa Ovadia。所以，作者在第一段提到Noa Ovadia的目的是展示Project Debater的聪明。故选B。2.C　词义猜测题。画线处上文提到“尽管Project Debater很聪明，但它也有一些弱点。它从文档库和预先构建的论点中提取句子，并将它们串在一起。这可能会导致人类不会犯的错误”。画线处所在句子意思是“这样的问题无疑会被解决”，由此可知，画线词wrinkles的意思是“错误”，和errors意思相近，故选C。3.B　细节理解题。倒数第二段提到Hammond所指的是意义的问题，而意义是区分最不聪明的人类和最聪明的机器的关键，计算机使用符号，它的程序指定了一组将一串符号转换为另一串符号的规则，但它并没有具体说明这些符号的含义，事实上，对于计算机来说，意义是无关紧要的。由此可知，根据Hammond的说法，Project Debater不能理解意义，故选B。4.A　细节理解题。根据最后一段前三句提到“意义的产生是通过社会互动的过程，而不是计算的过程，这种互动塑造了我们头脑中符号的内容。赋予意义的规则不仅存在于我们的头脑中，也存在于我们的头脑之外，存在于社会记忆、社会习俗和社会关系中。这就是人类与机器的区别。”可知，从最后一段我们能了解到社会互动是理解符号的关键。故选A。