《2024年5年高考3年模拟高二英语选择性必修第一册人教版》

1.课文语法填空
Albert Einstein,a genius welll known for the theory of relativity,is　　1　(universal)considered the greatest scientist in modern physics.Born　2　　14March1879,Einstein tried to enter university in Switzerland when he was16,but failed due to his low scores in the general part of the　3　(enter)
exam,though he did succeed in obtaining exceptional scores in maths and physics.It was in1896 4　he managed to pass the exam.While　　5　(work)in the Swiss patent office,he continued to study and earned a doctorate in physics in1905.Four years later he quit the job and　6　(commit)
himself to fulll−time research at a university.In1922,he　　7　　(award)the1921Nobel Prize in Physics for his explanation of the photoelectric effect.
Sadly,the great genius had to flee Germany in1933,　　8　　Hitler came to power.After spending time in Europe,he finallly took up　9　position as a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton,USA,and he continued　　10　(make)great achievements in physics and mathematics.
1.______________2.______________3.______________4.______________5.______________
6.______________7.______________8.______________9.______________10.______________

答案： 1. universally　考查副词。设空处作状语，应用副词。故填universally。
2. on　考查介词。具体日期前面的介词要用on。
3. entrance　考查名词。the entrance exam意为“入学考试”，用名词作定语。
4. that　考查强调句。此处使用了强调句式，强调时间状语，故填that。
5. working　考查现在分词。While working...为状语从句的省略形式，省略了主语和be动词，补充完整为“While he was working...”。
6. committed　考查动词的时态。根据句中的时间状语Four years later及语境可知应该用一般过去时。此题注意不要受quit形式的干扰，quit在此处为过去式。
7. was awarded　考查动词的时态、语态及主谓一致。由时间状语In 1922可知用一般过去时；he与award之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。主语为第三人称单数形式，故填was awarded。
8. when　考查关系副词。句意: 不幸的是，这个伟大的天才不得不在1933年逃离德国，在那个时候，希特勒上台。设空处无提示词，且前面有逗号，逗号前面是一个完整的句子，所以设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词1933，将先行词带入定语从句后为“Hitler came to power in 1933”，关系词在定语从句中作时间状语，故用关系副词when。
9. a　考查冠词。position作“职位”讲时是可数名词，此处表示泛指，position的发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。take up a position意为“任职”。
10. to make/making　考查非谓语动词。continue to do/doing sth.意为“继续做某事”。故填to make或making。

II.语法填空
主题语境:对社会有突出贡献的人物　语篇类型:记叙文　难易度:★★☆建议用时:7min
(2024山东名校联盟质量检测)
Zu Chongzhi was a famous and remarkable mathematician and scientist in ancient China.He lived in the Northern and Southern Dynasties.When he was young,he had　　1　　broad range of interests,such as　　2　　(nature)science and philosophy.And he was interested in mathematics,astronomy and machinery.The achievement Zu Chongzhi made in the calculation(计算)of the value of pi has been　　3　(international)acknowledged.
Liu Hui,a mathematician in the Wei and Jin Dynasties,proposed a way　　4　(work)out the value of pi−the cyclotomic method(割圆术).Based on the earlier research,Zu Chongzhi came to the conclusion that the value of pi falls between3.1415926and3.1415927after more than1,000　5 (time)of calculation.He also　6　(put)forward the viewpoint that the approximate value of pi is 355/113,which is called“milu".It boosted the calculation of pi to a new phase.It was more than 1,000years before the Western mathematicians calculated the same value.Thus the value of pi is also called“zulu"　　7　　memory ofhim.
Besides the achievement in mathematics,he wrote the book Zhui Shu,　　8　　gathered his accomplishments in mathematics and　　9　(take)as a teaching material during the Tang Dynasty.
And he also made a great　　10　(contribute)to astronomy and machinery.
1.______________2.______________3.______________4.______________5.______________
6.______________7.______________8.______________9.______________10.______________

答案： 1. a　考查冠词。a broad range of interests表示“各种各样的兴趣”，故填不定冠词a。
2. natural　考查形容词。natural science意为“自然科学”。故填natural。
3. internationally　考查副词。设空处修饰has been acknowledged，应用副词，故填internationally。be internationally acknowledged意为“在国际上被承认”。句意: 祖冲之在计算圆周率方面的成就已得到国际认可。
4. to work　考查动词不定式。句意: 魏晋时期的数学家刘徽提出了一种计算圆周率的方法−割圆术。way意为“方法”时，后用动词不定式作后置定语，故填to work。
5. times　考查名词复数。句意: 祖冲之在前人研究的基础上，经过1,000多次计算，得出圆周率在3.1415926到3.1415927之间的结论。此处的time意为“次”，是可数名词，由“more than 1,000”可知应用复数形式。故填times。
6. put　考查时态。句意: 他还提出了π的近似值为355/113的观点，这被称为“密率”。这里描述的是过去发生的动作，所以要用一般过去时。put的过去式为put，故填put。
7. in　考查介词。句意: 因此，为了纪念他，圆周率也被称为“祖率”。in memory of意为“为纪念……”。故填in。
8. which　考查定语从句。逗号前主谓宾结构完整，空后是动词gathered，且由语境可知动词gathered的主语即空前的名词Zhui Shu，所以设空处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词在定语从句中作主语，指物，故填which。句意: 除了在数学方面的成就外，他还写了《缀术》这本书，该书汇集了他在数学方面的成就，并在唐朝被作为教材。
9. was taken　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意同上。分析句子可知，在which引导的定语从句中，and连接两个并列的谓语(即设空处与前面的gathered)，关系词which指代先行词Zhui Shu在从句中作主语，和动词take是被动关系，结合during the Tang Dynasty可知句子描述的是过去发生的事情，所以要用一般过去时的被动语态，主语表示单数意义，be动词用was。故填was taken。
10. contribution　考查名词。make a great contribution to意为“对……做出巨大贡献”，故填contribution。