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Farmers use 70%～85% of the world fresh water to produce food．People usually don't pay much attention to how much water industry （工业） uses，but you may be surprised to know that industry uses 59% of the water in developed countries．
Home use takes up only 8% in the world．But as cities grow，more water will be used．The local government has to try to make people use less water．
In 60% of European cities，people are saving water by using less．They even keep waste water for other use．
In Australia，the government has encouraged people to collect rainwater and recycle water from showers for a second use．
The US Environmental Protection Agency has made a water saving program to encourage families and businesses to check their water use and save more water．Scientists and the UN are looking for good water management as the key to solving the problem．We can all work together to protect our fresh water in our daily life．
46．The underlined phrase"lack of"in the passage meansC．
A．需要
B．喜欢
C．缺少
D．饮用
47．In developed countries，most water is used byA．
A．industry
B．farmers
C．people
D．families
48．According to the passage，people save water by using less inD．
A．Australia
B．America
C．Africa
D．European
49．From the passage，we know that scientistsC good ways to deal with water problem
A．have found
B．find out
C．are looking for
D．has found
50．The passage is aboutA．
A．saving water
B．waste water
C．using water
D．recycling water．
分析 全文大意：
洁净的水不仅对人们生产食品很重要，而且对我们的生活是必要的．然而，亚洲和非洲的很多人们没有足够用的洁净的水．世界卫生组织报道每天几乎有4000名孩子死于污水和水的缺乏．农民使用世界上70%～85% 的淡水生产食品．人们通常不注意工业使用多少水，你或许惊讶的发现在发达国家工业使用59%的水．家庭用水只占全世界的8%．但是随着城市的发展，将会使用更多的水．当地政府尽量使人们少用水．在欧洲60%的城市中．人们节约用水．他们甚至把废水用做其它用途．在澳大利亚，政府鼓励人们把收集的雨水和淋浴回收的水进行二次利用．美国环境保护署已经制定了节约用水计划鼓励家庭和工厂检查他们使用水的情况，从而节省更多的水．科学家和联合国正在寻找良好的水资源管理作为解决问题的关键．我们可以共同努力在我们的日常生活中保护我们的淡水．
解答 答案：
46、C 词义猜测题 根据划线单词的上文However，many people in Asia and Africa don't have enough clean water to use可知亚洲和非洲的很多人们没有足够用的洁净的水．结合题干The World Health Organization reports that almost 4，000children die each day of dirty water or lack ofwater．可推知世界卫生组织报道每天几乎有4000名孩子死于污水和水的缺乏，故推知lack of意为"缺乏、缺少"故选C
47、A 细节理解题 根据第二段but you may be surprised to know that industry uses 59% of the water in developed countries．"你或许惊讶的发现在发达国家工业使用59%的水"可知在发达国家大部分水用于工业．故选A
48、D 细节理解题 根据第四段In 60% of European cities，people are saving water by using less．可知在欧洲60%的城市中，人们通过减少用水来节约水．故选D
49、C 细节理解题 根据Scientists and the UN are looking for good water management as the key to solving the problem．可知科学家和联合国正在寻找良好的水资源管理作为解决问题的关键，故选C
50、A 主旨大意题 根据短文结构可知首先讲了水的重要性接下来在第四段In 60% of European cities，people are saving water by using less在欧洲60%的城市中．人们通过减少用水来节约水；第五段In Australia，the government has encouraged people to collect rainwater and recycle water from showers for a second use．在澳大利亚，政府鼓励人们把收集的雨水和淋浴回收的水进行二次利用可知短文大意；第六段The US Environmental Protection Agency has made a water saving program to encourage families and businesses to check their water use and save more water 美国环境保护署已经制定了节约用水计划鼓励家庭和工厂检查他们使用水的情况，从而节省更多的水；可知本篇文章主要讲了如何节约用水的问题，故选A
点评 在完成阅读理解题时首先要首先通读全文，了解大意；然后根据所给题目认真读题，深入课文，逐个对比，找到正确答案；最后再读全文，校对答案．
